Natural Resources Test

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Natural Resources Test - 3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Hydroponics is

A
growing of aquatic plants

B
growing of floating aquatic plants

C
soil-less cultivation of plants

D
growing of plants inside water

Solution

Hydroponics is a subset of hydroculture, the method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions.
Question 2
1 / -0

Minamata disease is due to:

A
MIC gas

B
Methyl mercury

C
Lead nitrate

D
Cobalt chloride

Solution

Minamata disease, sometimes referred to as Chisso-Minamata disease, is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning. The causative agent is methyl mercury.
Question 3
1 / -0

The presence of which of the following causes algal bloom?

A
Carbonate + Nitrate

B
Sulphate + Phosphate

C
Phosphate + Nitrate

D
Sulphate + Nitrate

Solution

An algal bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems, and is recognised by the discolouration in the water from their pigments. The main nutrients contributing to algal bloom are phosphorus and nitrogen.
Question 4
1 / -0

Coal is a fossil fuel and it cannot be prepared in a laboratory or industry because the formation of coal

a. is a very slow process
b. needs very low pressure and low temperature
c. needs very high temperature and pressure
d. causes air pollution

Select the correct alternative:

A
a and b

B
b and d

C
c and a

D
d and c

Solution

The formation of coal is a very slow process. The conditions required are: very high temperature and pressure. Higher the pressure and temperature, better is the quality of coal. This cannot be obtained under lab-conditions.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Most of the water found on Earth's surface is saline.
b. Fresh water is only found frozen in the ice caps at the two Poles and on snow-covered mountains.
c. All cellular processes take place in a water medium.

A
Only a

B
Only b

C
Both a and c

D
All a, b and c

Solution

All cellular processes take place in a water medium. All the reactions that take place within our body and within the cells as well as transportation of substances in the body occur in a dissolved form. Most of the water on Earth's surface is found in seas and oceans and is saline underground water. Fresh water is not only found frozen in the ice caps at the two Poles and on snow-covered mountains but also in fresh water lakes, rivers and ponds.
Question 6
1 / -0

CFCs cause

A
depletion of ozone layer

B
depletion of CO₂

C
acid rain

D
carbon monoxide poisoning

Solution

The depletion of ozone layer is due to the use of chemicals called aerosol spray propellants like fluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons and bromofluorocarbons. The chemical compounds such as fluorocarbon and chlorofluorocarbon present in aerosol spray propellant, react with ozone gas present in the stratosphere and destroy it gradually.
Question 7
1 / -0

An increase in the percentage of gases, which prevents the escape of heat from the Earth, in the atmosphere would cause the average temperatures to increase worldwide average temperatures to increase worldwide and this is called ________.

A
eutrophication

B
biomagnification

C
greenhouse effect

D
glass house effect

Solution

The phenomenon of heating up of the earth's atmosphere due to trapping of infrared rays by the layer of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is called the greenhouse effect. It was first discovered by Joseph Fourier in 1824.
Increase in CO₂ concentration causes the greenhouse effect which in turn results in global warming.

Question 8

1 / -0

Match the following:

(i) B-horizon	(a) It contains the unconsolidated weathered rock fragments.
(ii) C-horizon	(b) It is composed of rock or unmodified parent material.
(iii) D-horizon	(c) It is composed of mineral soil (subsoil).

(i) - (c), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (b)

(i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (a)

(i) - (a), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (c)

(i) - (a), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b)

Solution

B-Horizon: It has accumulation of downward-moving fine material consisting of clay particles and minerals like silicates, iron, and aluminium.
C-Horizon: It represents the soil parent material in the form of incompletely weathered, large masses of rocks.
D-Horizon: It is the bed rock.

Question 9
1 / -0

Water pollution is caused by

(i) fertilisers
(ii) petroleum oil
(iii) pesticides

A
Only (i)

B
Both (i) and (ii)

C
Both (ii) and (iii)

D
All (i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Water is polluted by fertilisers, pesticides and petroleum spills. All this can affect the life forms that are found in the water bodies in various ways. It can encourage the growth of some life forms and harm some other life forms. This affects the balance between various organisms which had been established in that system.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following is/are the effect(s) of air pollution on human beings?

(i) Hydrocarbon vapours damage the internal organs and cause cancer.
(ii) Suspended particulate matter causes asthma, bronchitis and allergic cold.
(iii) Pollutant gases cause irritation in eyes, throat and lungs along with injuring lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and nervous system.

A
Only (i)

B
Only (i) and (ii)

C
Only (ii) and (iii)

D
All (i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Studies have shown that regularly breathing air that contains hydrocarbon vapours, suspended particles and other pollutant gases like sulphur and nitrogen oxides increases the incidence of allergies, cancer and heart diseases.
Question 11
1 / -0

Which of the following factors control(s) phenomena like windstorms, cyclones, thunderstorms, etc?

A
Difference in heating and cooling of land and water bodies

B
Uneven heating of Earth

C
Difference in topography over which the wind passes

D
All of the above

Solution

The occurrence of windstorms, cyclones, etc. depends on the differential heating of land and water. All the movements of air resulting in diverse atmospheric phenomena are caused by the uneven heating of the atmosphere in different regions of the Earth. But various other factors also influence these winds - the rotation of the Earth and the presence of mountain ranges in the paths of the wind are a couple of these factors.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(i) Oxygen constitutes up to 95-97% of the atmosphere on Venus and Mars.
(ii) Green plants fix carbon dioxide.
(iii) Many marine animals use carbonates dissolved in seawater to breathe.

A
Only (i)

B
Only (ii)

C
Only (iii)

D
(i) and (ii)

Solution

Carbon dioxide constitutes up to 95-97% of the atmosphere on Venus and Mars. Marine animals use dissolved oxygen to breathe and not carbonates.
Question 13
1 / -0

Which of the following is the region of the atmosphere where air is subject to differential heating?

A
Exosphere

B
Stratosphere

C
Mesosphere

D
Troposphere

Solution

Troposphere forms the lowest region in the atmosphere. Every moment there is a variation in temperature, humidity and precipitation in the region of troposphere. These short term changes form weather.
Question 14
1 / -0

________ particles act as 'nucleus' to support rain drops.

A
Water

B
Snow

C
Dust

D
Air

Solution

Dust particles act as 'nucleus' to support rain drops. Normally, dust and other suspended particles in the air perform this function. Once the water droplets are formed, they grow bigger by the 'condensation' of these water droplets. When the drops have grown big and heavy, they fall down in the form of rain.
Question 15
1 / -0

What happens to the air as it rises up?

1. It expands.
2. It cools.
3. It heats up.
4. It contracts.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

A
1 and 2

B
4 and 3

C
3 and 4

D
1 and 3

Solution

Pressure decreases with altitude. As the hot air rises, it expands; as the pressure up there is less and so, it eventually cools.
Question 16
1 / -0

The term 'denitrification' means

A
reduction of NO₂ to ammonia by bacteria in the soil

B
conversion of ammonia to amino acids

C
conversion of nitrates to gaseous nitrogen

D
oxidation of ammonia to nitrate

Solution

The process of conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas is called denitrification. The soil contains denitrifying bacteria called Pseudomonas. Some of the nitrates formed by the nitrification process present in the soil are converted by the denitrifying bacteria of soil into free nitrogen gas which goes back into the atmosphere and the nitrogen cycle is repeated.
Question 17
1 / -0

Which of the following is a logical sequence in carbon cycle?

A
Producer - Consumer - Decomposer

B
Decomposer - Consumer - Producer

C
Producer - Decomposer - Consumer

D
Consumer - Producer - Decomposer

Solution

The logical sequence in carbon cycle is:
Producer - Consumer - Decomposer
The carbon cycle begins by fixation of carbon by the process of photosynthesis by producers. The green plants are eaten up by animals as food. So, carbon in the form of plant carbohydrates travels as food to the animals in successive trophic levels. The CO₂ produced by the respiration and decay of plants and animals is returned to the atmosphere. The micro-organisms called decomposers play an important role in this process.
Question 18
1 / -0

Excessive exposure of humans to UV rays results in

(i) damage to immune system
(ii) damage to lungs
(iii) skin cancer
(iv) peptic ulcers

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(ii) and (iv)

C
(i) and (iii)

D
(iii) and (iv)

Solution

The chronic effects of UV exposure are premature aging of the skin, suppression of the immune system, damage to the eyes and skin cancer.
Question 19
1 / -0

Which of the following processes converts atmospheric carbon into glucose molecules?

A
Transpiration

B
Fossilisation

C
Decomposition

D
Photosynthesis

Solution

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants synthesise their own food (sugars) with the help of sunlight, water, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll. Thus, this process converts carbon dioxide (present in atmosphere or dissolved in water), into glucose (sugar) molecules.

6CO₂ + 12H₂O C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6H₂O + 6O₂ (evolution of O₂)

During photosynthesis, atmospheric carbon is fixed into glucose molecules.
Question 20
1 / -0

The shells of many aquatic animals are made up of

A
carbonates

B
nitrates

C
chlorates

D
carbides

Solution

Calcium carbonate minerals are the building blocks for the skeletons and shells of many marine/aquatic organisms.

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Natural Resources Test - 3

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Question 1

growing of aquatic plants

growing of floating aquatic plants

soil-less cultivation of plants

growing of plants inside water

Solution

Question 2

MIC gas

Methyl mercury

Lead nitrate

Cobalt chloride

Solution

Question 3

Carbonate + Nitrate

Sulphate + Phosphate

Phosphate + Nitrate

Sulphate + Nitrate

Solution

Question 4

a and b

b and d

c and a

d and c

Solution

Question 5

Only a

Only b

Both a and c

All a, b and c

Solution

Question 6

depletion of ozone layer

depletion of CO2

acid rain

carbon monoxide poisoning

Solution

Question 7

eutrophication

biomagnification

greenhouse effect

glass house effect

Solution

Question 8

(i) - (c), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (b)

(i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (a)

(i) - (a), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (c)

(i) - (a), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b)

Solution

Question 9

Only (i)

Both (i) and (ii)

Both (ii) and (iii)

All (i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Question 10

Only (i)

Only (i) and (ii)

Only (ii) and (iii)

All (i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Question 11

Difference in heating and cooling of land and water bodies

Uneven heating of Earth

Difference in topography over which the wind passes

All of the above

Solution

Question 12

Only (i)

Only (ii)

Only (iii)

(i) and (ii)

Solution

depletion of CO₂

reduction of NO₂ to ammonia by bacteria in the soil