SAT (Stage-1) Mock Test - 78

Causes of poverty lie in the institutional and social factors that mark the life of the poor. These can be caused as a result of (i) social, economic and political inequality, (ii) social exclusion, (iii) unemployment, (iv) indebtedness, and (v) unequal distribution of wealth.

In the Second Five Year Plan, the government's approach to poverty reduction was of three dimensions. It is based on the expectation that the effects of economic growth — rapid increase in gross domestic product and per capita income — would spread to all sections of society and will trickle down to the poor sections also. This was the major focus of planning in the 1950s and early 1960s.

Occupational structure refers to the distribution of population engaged in different occupations. Earlier, people were much engaged in agriculture sector, but now they are moving more towards service sector, thereby changing the overall occupational structure.

The concept of human development was introduced by Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq. Dr. Haq has described human development as development that enlarges people's choices and improves their lives. People are central to all development under this concept. These choices are not fixed but keep on changing. The basic goal of development is to create conditions where people can live meaningful lives.

The quality of education in the country depends upon literacy rate, health status, and the acquisition of skills by the people, but it does not depend on the growth rate of the country. The quality of the population ultimately decides the growth rate of the country. Illiterate and unhealthy population is a liability for the economy.

Agriculture is the main source of national income for most developing countries. More than 70 percent of active labor force is engaged in this primary sector. It is the main feature of a developing country.

Cattle rearing comes under the primary sector. The primary sector makes use of natural resources.
The service sector provides services, rather than producing material commodities. Activities in the service sector include retail, banks, hotels, real estate, education, health, social work, computer services, recreation, etc.

Monetary policy is the process by which monetary authority of a country, generally central bank controls the supply of money in the economy by its control over interest rates in order to maintain price stability and achieve high economic growth.
RBI is the central bank of India and thus the controller of the Monetary Policy of the country.

Laterite soils in India are found in the Eastern Ghat of Orissa, the Southern parts of Western Ghat, Malabar Coastal plains and Ratnagiri of Maharashtra and some part of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Meghalaya, western part of West Bengal.

A Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. They are the cause of most winter and pre-monsoon season rainfall across northwest India.

A river joined by its tributaries, at approximately right angles, develops a trellis pattern. Narmada river is a westward flowing river. It flows through a rift valley having hard and soft rocks, and thus makes a trellis drainage pattern.

The Indus receives its most-notable tributaries from the eastern Punjab Plain. These five rivers—the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej—give the name Punjab (Five Rivers) to the region divided between Pakistan and India.

The great Himalayas are also known as the young fold mountains. They have formed relatively recently in the earth's history.

The main land of India extends between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E.

The state of Rajasthan in India has the largest area (342239 km²), followed by Madhya Pradesh (308252 km²), and Maharashtra (307713 km²), while Uttar Pradesh has an area of 240928 km².

Yamunanagar, Guwahati and Ballarpur are famous for paper manufacturing industry.
Shahabad is famous for limestone.

These are the temperate grasslands known by various names such as Prairies in North America, Steppes in Asia, Veldt in South Africa, and Pampas in South America.

Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil fuels: coal, petroleum, and natural gas because they were formed from the buried remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago.