GK & Language (Paper-1) Mock Test - 3

Sound propagates by causing the particles in the medium to vibrate. A vibrating source transfers the vibrations to the surrounding medium, which can be solid, liquid or gaseous. In a vacuum, there are no particles that can transfer and carry vibrations. So, sound cannot travel in vacuum.

Sir Isaac Newton discovered gravity when he saw a falling apple while thinking about the forces of nature. Newton published a book called the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica in which he presents his theory of universal gravitation and three laws of motion.

An ammeter (from Ampere Meter) is a measuring instrument used to measure the current in a circuit. Electric currents are measured in amperes (A), hence the name. Ammeters have very low resistance and are always connected in series in any circuit.

The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances and measures about 9.46 trillion kilometres (9.46 x 10¹² km) or 5.88 trillion miles. The light-year is most often used when expressing distances to stars and other distances on a galactic scale, especially in nonspecialist and popular science publications. The unit most commonly used in professional astrometry is the parsec.

Scientific names follow a specific set of rules. Scientists use a two-name system called a Binomial Naming System. Scientists name animals and plants using the system that describes the genus and species of the organism. The first word is the genus and the second is the species. Both of these use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.

Platelets are associated with blood. These are tiny blood cells that help the body form clots to stop bleeding. If one of the blood vessels gets damaged, it sends out signals that are picked up by platelets. The platelets then rush to the site of damage and form a plug, or clot, to repair the damage. A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood.

Respiration is the movement of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are the two types of respiration that occur, based on the presence or absence of oxygen.

The excretory system is the system of an organism's body that performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. The Excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis. The kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra are organs of the excretory system.

Alum usually consists of aluminum sulphate, water of hydration, and the sulfate of another element. A whole series of hydrated double salts results from the hydration of the sulphate of a singly charged cation (e.g. K⁺) and the sulphate of any one of a number of triply charged cations.
Alum acts as a coagulant while purifying water. A coagulant binds extremely fine and small particles suspended in raw impure water into larger particles that can be removed by filtration and settling.

Galvanisation or galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to iron or steel, to prevent rusting. The most common method is hot dip galvanizing, in which steel sections are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.

Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO₃. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na⁺) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO³⁻). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline, but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda.

Car batteries are typically made of six galvanic cells in a series circuit. Each cell of a lead storage battery consists of alternate plates of lead (cathode) and lead coated with lead dioxide (anode) immersed in an electrolyte of sulphuric acid solution.
Lead and lead dioxide, the active materials on the battery's plates, react with sulphuric acid in the electrolyte to form lead sulfate. The lead sulfate first forms in a finely divided,amorphous state, and easily reverts to lead, lead dioxide and sulphuric acid when the battery recharges.

Four planets in the Solar System have rings. They are the four giant gas planets, i.e. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Saturn has by far the largest ring system.

Renewable energy is the energy generated from the natural resources, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tide, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished). Among the given options, biogas is a renewable source.

Forests/trees increase the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere. They release the oxygen as a by-product during photosynthesis

The name "Punjab" means "land of five rivers". It is derived from the Persian words 'panj', meaning 'five', and 'aab', meaning 'water'.

Kanchenjunga - 8586 metres (28,169 feet)
Kamet - 7756 m (25,446 ft)
Nanda Devi - 7816 m (25,643 ft)
Nanga Parbat - 8126 m (26,660 ft)

Pataliputra was the capital of the ancient Magadha kingdom and two of the most famous empires in ancient India, i.e. the Mauryan Empire and the Gupta Empire. Since it was the capital of two of the greatest Indian empires, along with several other empires in Indian history like the Nanda Empire, Shunga Empire, and all the way to Palas, it is a very important city in Indian history. Even Sher Shah Suri made it his capital and gave its modern name, Patna.

The pillars of Ashoka are a series of columns dispersed throughout the Indian subcontinent, erected or at least inscribed with edicts by the Mauryan king Ashoka during his reign from c. 268 to 232 BC. The most celebrated of the Ashokan pillars is the one erected at Sarnath, the site of Buddha's First Sermon where he shared the Four Noble Truths.

The Republic is governed in terms of the Constitution of India which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26^th November, 1949 and came into force on 26^th January, 1950.The Constitution provides for a Parliamentary form of government which is federal in structure with certain unitary features. The constitutional head of the Executive of the Union is the President.

The current age of retirement for Supreme Court judges is 65 years while High Court Judges is 62 years. There was a bill introduced to raise the age of retirement of high court judges also to 65 years but that bill was never passed.

The Rajya Sabha or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Membership of Rajya Sabha is limited by the Constitution to a maximum of 250 members, and current laws have provision for 245 members. Most of the members of the House are indirectly elected by the members of state and territorial legislatures using single transferable votes, while the President can appoint 12 members for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services.

According to the official website of Rajya Sabha, the first time Council of States was constituted was on 3 April 1952. It had 216 members, of which one was a nominated woman member – Rukmini Devi Arundale. The first Chairman was Dr. S Radhakrishnan, also the first Vice President of the nation.

Melbourne was the initial capital of Australia, but in 1927, the seat of national government was moved to the newly-created city of Canberra, which continues to serve as the national capital.

Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award of the Republic of India. Instituted in 1954, the award is conferred in recognition of exceptional service/performance of the highest order, without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.

The following words in the passage make the answer clear:
"...during the Women's International Year in 1975 when she was chairing a Steering Committee..."

It is mentioned in the line, 'Representatives from different political parties and women's organisations were on the committee ...'

it is mentioned in the passage, "... Aruna encouraged and treated all members alike. It was not her political affiliations or her involvement in a particular cause, which won her respect and recognition, but her utter honesty in public life ...".

It is mentioned in the passage, "... the leftists claimed a sort of proprietary right over her ...".

"In later years – around late eighties and early nineties – Aruna Asaf Ali's health began to deteriorate."

'Than' denotes the use of comparative degree. The comparative degree of 'tall' is not 'more tall' but 'taller'.

'The' is succeeded by the superlative degree of adjective. The superlative degree of 'kind' is not 'most kind' but 'kindest'.

The word 'since' suggests a beginning time in the past and it still continues till now. So, present perfect tense (have known) will be used. Use of 'has' with 'I' is incorrect.

The word in the blank points towards the subject 'students', showing association. 'Whose' is used to associate the noun following it with the person mentioned before it.

The verb 'convicted' is generally followed by 'of'. 

'Affection for' is the correct usage. It means to have a liking or fondness for something. 

The sentence suggests that the person will miss the train if he doesn't hurry. 'Unless' meaning 'except if' (suggesting the condition) fits here.

In sentences using 'either ... or', the verb is used according to the subject which comes after 'or'. Here, the verb will be in accordance with 'he' (singular). 

The word in the blank creates a relationship between the two clauses before and after it such that the succeeding clause provides information about the thing mentioned in the preceding clause. 'Which' is used to refer to something previously mentioned when introducing a clause giving further information.

'Horticulturist' is an expert in garden cultivation and management.

'Horizon' is an imaginary line where the land and sky appear to meet.

According to the rule of question tags, if the statement is positive, the tag must be negative. Also, the tense of the tag is determined by the tense of the auxiliary/modal verb of the statement that precedes. The statement uses the positive verb 'said' (simple past tense), which means simple past tense will be used in the question tag also. So, the only option that fulfils both these conditions is option 4. 

According to the rule of question tags, if the statement is positive, the tag must be negative. Also, the tense of the tag is determined by the tense of the auxiliary/modal verb of the statement that precedes. The statement uses the positive modal verb 'would', whose negative form 'wouldn't' will be used in the question tag.

Kapil had decided to build his own boat nine years earlier after reading a sailing magazine left in an aeroplane.

If you had told me that you had already bought this book, I would not have given it to you as a birthday present.

The plural of 'elf' is 'elves'.

The plural of 'tomato' is 'tomatoes'.