Natural Hazards and Disasters Test

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Natural Hazards and Disasters Test - 3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following hazards is not classified under the `biological disasters`?

A
Pest attacks

B
Weapons of mass destruction

C
Oil Spills

D
Food poisoning

Solution

Oil spill is classified under `Chemical, industrial or nuclear hazards`.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is/are not true in relation to earthquake?

A
The point of rupture is called the 'focus' and may be located near the surface or deep below it.

B
Earthquake whose focus lies more than 300 km below the earth's surface is called 'deep focus earthquake'.

C
Deep focus earthquakes are very destructive.

D
All of the above

Solution

Deep focus earthquakes are rarely destructive because by the time the waves reach the surface, the impact reduces. Shallow focus earthquakes are more common and are extremely damaging because of their proximity to the surface.
Question 3
1 / -0

The largest tsunami ever produced by a landslide was in

A
Fukushima, Japan

B
Lituya Bay, Alaska

C
Samoa Island, South Pacific Ocean

D
Krakotoa, Indonesia

Solution

The largest tsunami ever produced by a landslide was in Lituya Bay, Alaska in 1958.
(Taken from NCERT, Class XI)
Question 4
1 / -0

In case of flash floods, warnings for timely evacuation may not always be possible as they are floods which occur

A
within three hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

B
within five hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

C
within six hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

D
within eight hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

Solution

There are different types of floods, namely flash floods, riverine floods, urban floods, etc. Flash floods can be defined as the floods which occur within six hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall and are usually associated with cloud bursts, storms and cyclones requiring rapid localised warnings and immediate response to reduce damage. Wireless network and telephone connections are used to monitor flood conditions. In case of flash floods, warnings for timely evacuation may not always be possible.
Question 5
1 / -0

When does a region witness severe drought conditions?

A
When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall exceeds 25 percent of the normal

B
When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall is between 26-50 percent of the normal

C
When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall is more than 50 percent of the normal

D
When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall is more than 70 percent of the normal

Solution

A local drought is considered to be "moderate", if the rainfall deficiency at that place is in between 26 and 50% of the Normal value and "severe" if it is more than 50% of the Normal value.
Question 6
1 / -0

`Lahar` is a type of

A
cyclone

B
flood

C
hailstorm

D
landslide

Solution

A lahar is a violent type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley.Lahars are extremely destructive: they can flow tens of metres per second (22 mph or more), they have been known to be up to 140 metres (460 ft) deep, and large flows tend to destroy any structures in their path.
Question 7
1 / -0

With reference to earthquakes, which one of the following statements is not correct?

A
S waves move objects at right angles to their direction of motion.

B
S waves propagate through liquids.

C
As the P waves propagate, they move material in a path parallel to the direction of movement.

D
L waves travel along the surface of the earth's crust.

Solution

S-waves cannot travel through liquids. When they reach the surface they cause horizontal shaking. Liquids don't have any shear strength and so a shear wave cannot propagate through a liquid. Secondary waves are also called S waves. As they pass through a material, the material's particles are shaken up and down or from side to side. Secondary waves rock small buildings back and forth as they pass
Question 8
1 / -0

The circum Pacific belt is highly prone to the occurrence of earthquakes because it is a zone of

A
divergent plate boundaries

B
young folded mountains

C
active volcanoes

D
convergent plate boundaries

Solution

The Circum Pacific Belt also known as the 'Ring of Fire' is a belt of connected convergent plate boundaries. Subduction at these plate boundaries drive the volcanisim for which the region is noted. The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. In a large 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and plate movements.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following methods is the most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?

A
Shelter belts

B
Mulching

C
Terrace cultivation

D
Intercropping

Solution

Terrace cultivation is the most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes. The cultivation is done on the steep slopes so that the water should not remain stagnant and no soil erosion would be there.
Question 10
1 / -0

A volcano is a vent or an opening in the earth`s crust through which ______________ come out.

A
molten lava

B
clouds of gases

C
pieces of rocks

D
All of the above

Solution

Like water that bursts from a tiny hole in a water pipe, the liquid magma seeks cracks or fissures in the Earth's crust through which it could flow. This is a volcano—an opening in the earth's crust through which magma or gases can erupt onto the surface. along with ash and also the cone built by eruptions. piece of rock embedded in another type of rock, usually igneous.
Question 11
1 / -0

Consider the following statements regarding earthquakes:

1. In earthquakes, shocks are generated at a point known as the epicentre.
2. The points of origin of the shocks may be within the crust or the mantle.
3. The margins of tectonic plates are more earthquake-prone areas.

Which of the above statements are correct?

A
1, 2 and 3

B
1 and 2 only

C
1 and 3 only

D
2 and 3 only

Solution

A shock or series of shocks or tremors due to a sudden movement of crustal rocks is/are generated at a point known as the hypocentre or seismic focus, within the crust or mantle.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which of the following statements are true?

1. Moderate earthquakes are caused along constructive plate boundaries.
2. Low magnitude earthquakes are caused along constructive plate boundaries.
3. Disastrous earthquakes are caused along destructive plate boundaries.
4. Severe earthquakes are caused along the conservative plate boundaries with the creation of transform faults.

A
1 and 2

B
1 and 4

C
1, 3 and 4

D
2, 3 and 4

Solution

Low magnitude earthquakes are caused along destructive plate boundaries. The earthquakes occuring on divergent boundaries usually aren't as powerful as those that happen on convergent boundaries. Conservative margins are also known as transform faults. Severe earthquakes are caused along the conservative plate boundaries with the creation of transform faults.
Question 13
1 / -0

When the magma in the mantle reaches the ____, it is called lava.

A
core

B
inner portion of earth

C
surface of earth

D
mantle

Solution

When the magma reaches the surface of the Earth, it is then called lava.
Question 14
1 / -0

In which of the following countries has the maximum damage been caused to the forest by acid rain?

A
Poland

B
Italy

C
Spain

D
None of these

Solution

The air over Szklarska Poreba and other resorts in Poland and Czechoslovakia is polluted by fumes from five large power plants - Hirschfelde in Germany; Chomutov, Usti and Most in Czechoslovakia; and Turoszow in Poland. Poland is most affected by them, because westerly winds blow sulfur dioxide from Czechoslovakian and German power plants into Polish territory.
Question 15
1 / -0

Shifting cultivation is practised in

A
Tropical Africa, South-East Asia and Amazon basin

B
Sahara, Tundra region and North America

C
Tropical areas, river basins and in Australia

D
Gobi Desert, Alaska and Tibet Plateau

Solution

Shifting cultivation is practised in the thickly forested areas of Amazon basin, tropical Africa, parts of south-east Asia and north-east India.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Natural Hazards and Disasters Test - 3

Result

Natural Hazards and Disasters Test - 3

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pest attacks

Weapons of mass destruction

Oil Spills

Food poisoning

Solution

Question 2

The point of rupture is called the 'focus' and may be located near the surface or deep below it.

Earthquake whose focus lies more than 300 km below the earth's surface is called 'deep focus earthquake'.

Deep focus earthquakes are very destructive.

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

Fukushima, Japan

Lituya Bay, Alaska

Samoa Island, South Pacific Ocean

Krakotoa, Indonesia

Solution

Question 4

within three hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

within five hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

within six hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

within eight hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall

Solution

Question 5

When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall exceeds 25 percent of the normal

When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall is between 26-50 percent of the normal

When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall is more than 50 percent of the normal

When deficiency of a particular year's rainfall is more than 70 percent of the normal

Solution

Question 6

cyclone

flood

hailstorm

landslide

Solution

Question 7

S waves move objects at right angles to their direction of motion.

S waves propagate through liquids.

As the P waves propagate, they move material in a path parallel to the direction of movement.

L waves travel along the surface of the earth's crust.

Solution

Question 8

divergent plate boundaries

young folded mountains

active volcanoes

convergent plate boundaries

Solution

Question 9

Shelter belts

Mulching

Terrace cultivation

Intercropping

Solution

Question 10

molten lava

clouds of gases

pieces of rocks

All of the above

Solution

Question 11

1, 2 and 3

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

Solution

Question 12

1 and 2

1 and 4

1, 3 and 4

2, 3 and 4

Solution