Dicision Making...

Direction: Answer the questions on basis of the information given in the following case.

Vivekananda Memorial Elocution Competition (VMEC) in Viswavijay Public School (VPS) has a history of forty years. Apart from the founder's day and annual day celebrations, it is the most important event of the school.

In recent times, due to the increased popularity of reality shows on television channels, and for various other reasons, the elocution competition lost its appeal. Interest of both students and parents has been eroding over a period of time. To ensuresufficient audience, Mr. Ivan, Head of English Department, introduced choral recitation for junior section as a part of elocution competition. Three classes, each consisting of forty students, get shortlisted for the final performance of choral singing on the day of VMEC. Most of the parents and family members of these students attend the function to encourage them. This initiative increased the number of people attending the elocution competition.

Some teachers are unhappy with the emphasis given on the elocution competition, since they are expected to be present at the school on the day of competition, which normally happens on a weekend to accommodate the working parents. The teachers were not granted leave on the day of VMEC and they used to be unhappy regarding this aspect.

Direction:  Read the following case and answer the questions that follow

Software bugs are a common occurrence in any field. But sometimes a small software bug can have dangerous consequences. While in some fields, you can be inattentive about the software output and need not cross verify, in others it may prove dangerous. Hence, laws are implemented that requires a manual verification of the software output in sensitive cases, especially in all medical applications.

At a Cancer Institute, the therapy planning software created by a firm X calculates the proper dosage of radiation for patients undergoing radiation therapy. Before every installation, X’s software training team provides a training session to the doctors in all hospitals. X's software allows a radiation therapist to draw on a computer screen the placement of metal shields called "blocks" designed to protect healthy tissues from radiation. But the software will only allow technicians to use four shielding blocks, and the doctors wish to use five.

The doctors discover that they can trick the software by drawing all five blocks as single large block with a hole in the middle. What the doctors do not realize is that X's software gives different answers in this configuration depending on how the hole is drawn: draw it one direction and the correct dose is calculated, draw in another direction and the software recommends twice the necessary exposure.

At least eight patients die, while another 20 receive overdoses likely to cause significant health problems. There are huge protests following the deaths. Mr.Chaturvedi, President of the Cancer Institute has to address the situation.

Direction:  Read the following case and answer the questions that follow

Software bugs are a common occurrence in any field. But sometimes a small software bug can have dangerous consequences. While in some fields, you can be inattentive about the software output and need not cross verify, in others it may prove dangerous. Hence, laws are implemented that requires a manual verification of the software output in sensitive cases, especially in all medical applications.

At a Cancer Institute, the therapy planning software created by a firm X calculates the proper dosage of radiation for patients undergoing radiation therapy. Before every installation, X’s software training team provides a training session to the doctors in all hospitals. X's software allows a radiation therapist to draw on a computer screen the placement of metal shields called "blocks" designed to protect healthy tissues from radiation. But the software will only allow technicians to use four shielding blocks, and the doctors wish to use five.

The doctors discover that they can trick the software by drawing all five blocks as single large block with a hole in the middle. What the doctors do not realize is that X's software gives different answers in this configuration depending on how the hole is drawn: draw it one direction and the correct dose is calculated, draw in another direction and the software recommends twice the necessary exposure.

At least eight patients die, while another 20 receive overdoses likely to cause significant health problems. There are huge protests following the deaths. Mr.Chaturvedi, President of the Cancer Institute has to address the situation.

Direction:  Read the following case and answer the questions that follow

Software bugs are a common occurrence in any field. But sometimes a small software bug can have dangerous consequences. While in some fields, you can be inattentive about the software output and need not cross verify, in others it may prove dangerous. Hence, laws are implemented that requires a manual verification of the software output in sensitive cases, especially in all medical applications.

At a Cancer Institute, the therapy planning software created by a firm X calculates the proper dosage of radiation for patients undergoing radiation therapy. Before every installation, X’s software training team provides a training session to the doctors in all hospitals. X's software allows a radiation therapist to draw on a computer screen the placement of metal shields called "blocks" designed to protect healthy tissues from radiation. But the software will only allow technicians to use four shielding blocks, and the doctors wish to use five.

The doctors discover that they can trick the software by drawing all five blocks as single large block with a hole in the middle. What the doctors do not realize is that X's software gives different answers in this configuration depending on how the hole is drawn: draw it one direction and the correct dose is calculated, draw in another direction and the software recommends twice the necessary exposure.

At least eight patients die, while another 20 receive overdoses likely to cause significant health problems. There are huge protests following the deaths. Mr.Chaturvedi, President of the Cancer Institute has to address the situation.

Direction:  Read the following case and answer the questions that follow

Software bugs are a common occurrence in any field. But sometimes a small software bug can have dangerous consequences. While in some fields, you can be inattentive about the software output and need not cross verify, in others it may prove dangerous. Hence, laws are implemented that requires a manual verification of the software output in sensitive cases, especially in all medical applications.

At a Cancer Institute, the therapy planning software created by a firm X calculates the proper dosage of radiation for patients undergoing radiation therapy. Before every installation, X’s software training team provides a training session to the doctors in all hospitals. X's software allows a radiation therapist to draw on a computer screen the placement of metal shields called "blocks" designed to protect healthy tissues from radiation. But the software will only allow technicians to use four shielding blocks, and the doctors wish to use five.

The doctors discover that they can trick the software by drawing all five blocks as single large block with a hole in the middle. What the doctors do not realize is that X's software gives different answers in this configuration depending on how the hole is drawn: draw it one direction and the correct dose is calculated, draw in another direction and the software recommends twice the necessary exposure.

At least eight patients die, while another 20 receive overdoses likely to cause significant health problems. There are huge protests following the deaths. Mr.Chaturvedi, President of the Cancer Institute has to address the situation.

Direction: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.

Arjun had just quit his job to start an online tutorial for teaching English to people in smaller towns and villages across the country while also being available for people in the urban areas. Arjun’s idea was to have a set of courses related to English speaking and writing on his new website. He planned to add more courses based on the response he receives on the first few courses. Arjun’s research had shown that English Letter Writing (ELW) was a course that many people would be interested in. He was a techie with a keen interest on starting an online venture of his own. He, however, realized that he needs course material for the ELW course which he was not qualified to create. He contacted his close friend, Rajiv, who was a very popular Math teacher for suggestions on a good English teacher who could create course content for his ELW course. Rajiv introduced Arjun to Vinay, who was an English teacher in another institute and a close friend of Rajiv’s. Arjun and Vinay spoke on a phone call where Vinay liked Arjun’s idea and offered to help him with the course material required for the ELW course. Vinay said he would collect Rs. 5000 for his services(which would be paid on delivery) and promised to deliver the work within 15 days. Since his close friend had recommended Vinay, Arjun was quite comfortable giving the entire project of the ELW course to Vinay.

Not the one who likes to waste anytime, Arjun decided to market his ELW course and start enrolling students for the program that would begin in 15 days time. He signed up more than 200 people for this course in the first 12 days. However, he noticed that Vinay was not responding to any of his calls anymore. Since Vinay was Rajiv’s close friend, Arjun assumed there would be no issue on delivery and hence did not contact him in the first eight days. He tried calling Vinay for an update on the project a few days ago but had not received any response then. Since then he emailed Vinay and dropped multiple messages but still got no response. Arjun had not paid Vinay any amount but he was a worried man. With just three days to go before the course is launched, Arjun was not sure about what needed to be done. On one hand, he had enrolled more than 200 students by collecting money for the course and on the other hand, he did not want to shelve the course as that would affect his company’s name in its first month of operation making it difficult to recover.

Direction: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.

Arjun had just quit his job to start an online tutorial for teaching English to people in smaller towns and villages across the country while also being available for people in the urban areas. Arjun’s idea was to have a set of courses related to English speaking and writing on his new website. He planned to add more courses based on the response he receives on the first few courses. Arjun’s research had shown that English Letter Writing (ELW) was a course that many people would be interested in. He was a techie with a keen interest on starting an online venture of his own. He, however, realized that he needs course material for the ELW course which he was not qualified to create. He contacted his close friend, Rajiv, who was a very popular Math teacher for suggestions on a good English teacher who could create course content for his ELW course. Rajiv introduced Arjun to Vinay, who was an English teacher in another institute and a close friend of Rajiv’s. Arjun and Vinay spoke on a phone call where Vinay liked Arjun’s idea and offered to help him with the course material required for the ELW course. Vinay said he would collect Rs. 5000 for his services(which would be paid on delivery) and promised to deliver the work within 15 days. Since his close friend had recommended Vinay, Arjun was quite comfortable giving the entire project of the ELW course to Vinay.

Not the one who likes to waste anytime, Arjun decided to market his ELW course and start enrolling students for the program that would begin in 15 days time. He signed up more than 200 people for this course in the first 12 days. However, he noticed that Vinay was not responding to any of his calls anymore. Since Vinay was Rajiv’s close friend, Arjun assumed there would be no issue on delivery and hence did not contact him in the first eight days. He tried calling Vinay for an update on the project a few days ago but had not received any response then. Since then he emailed Vinay and dropped multiple messages but still got no response. Arjun had not paid Vinay any amount but he was a worried man. With just three days to go before the course is launched, Arjun was not sure about what needed to be done. On one hand, he had enrolled more than 200 students by collecting money for the course and on the other hand, he did not want to shelve the course as that would affect his company’s name in its first month of operation making it difficult to recover.