CBSE 10th Half-Yearly Exams 2025: Subject-wise Important Topics & Preparation Tips

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The CBSE Class 10 Half-Yearly Exams 2025 are starting soon.

This article provides students with subject-wise syllabus information, list of important chapters and topics, as well as effective strategies for preparation to help them score high marks.

It focuses on guiding students with the right exam strategy, effective study plans, and time management techniques.

With detailed study resources, this article will boost confidence and ensure better performance in the half-yearly exams.

CBSE 10 Science Half-Yearly Exam 2025 – Important Topics

Subject	Chapters / Topics	Important Topics
Physics	Light	- Ray diagram for mirrors & lenses (special case of virtual image in concave mirror & convex lens + application) - One numerical on lens formula & mirror formula - Formula of refractive index with speed of light - Numerical on power of lens
	Human Eye & Dispersion	- Myopia & Hypermetropia (causes, diagram, correction) - Functions of iris, pupil, retina - Formation of rainbow - Dispersion (most bending & least bending colour)
Chemistry	Chemical Reactions & Equations	- Balancing one equation - Sodium sulphate + barium chloride (double displacement) - Electrolysis of water (gases at electrodes, use of acid, volume & mass ratio) - Lead nitrate & ferrous sulphate thermal decomposition
	Acids, Bases & Salts	- Phenolphthalein & olfactory indicators - Baking soda - Universal indicator - Copper oxide + HCl reaction (colour) - Chlor-alkali process
Biology	Life Processes	- Photosynthesis (3 steps, equation, stomata) - Role of HCl, bile, pepsin, amylase, villi - Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration - Exchange of gases in alveoli - Reason for thick wall of ventricles & arteries - 3 steps of urine production
	Control & Coordination	- Synapse - Reflex action & reflex arc - Functions of cerebellum, cerebrum, pons, medulla, hypothalamus - Adrenal & thyroid glands - Electrical impulse vs chemical impulse - Auxin & Chhui-mui plant

CBSE 10 Maths Half-Yearly Exam 2025 – Important Topics

Chapter	Important Topics
Real Numbers	• Relationship between LCM & HCF • Word problems on LCM & HCF • Proof of irrationality
Polynomials	• Finding the values of k when zeroes are given • Finding zeroes and verifying relationship between them • Questions based on sum & product of zeroes
Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables	• Graphical methods to find solutions • Questions based on comparing ratios
Quadratic Equations	• Questions based on nature of roots • Questions based on quadratic formula
Arithmetic Progressions (AP)	• Questions based on nᵗʰ term of an AP • Questions based on sum of nᵗʰ term
Triangles	• BPT Theorem and related questions • Prove that type questions on criteria for similarity
Coordinate Geometry	• Questions based on distance formula • Questions based on section formula

CBSE 10 Social Science Half-Yearly Exam 2025 – Important Topics

Subject	Chapters	Important Topics
History	The Rise of Nationalism in Europe	• Measures by French Revolutionaries to create collective identity (long) • Sorrieu’s painting (very short) • Napoleon Code & administrative changes (short) • Liberal Nationalism & Zollverein (short) • Vienna Treaty • Greek War of Independence (short, frequently asked) • Romanticism – Herder’s view & role of language • 1848 Liberal Revolution (Frankfurt, Germany) • Unifications & Balkans
	Nationalism in India	• WWI and its impact on India • Satyagraha movements (important for map work) • Rowlatt Act & Satyagraha (short) • Non-Cooperation & Khilafat (brief beginnings, INC sessions important) • Swaraj in Plantations (short) • Chauri Chaura incident • Jallianwala Bagh (map) • Simon Commission (very important) • Participants of CDM (Jats, Patidars, Business Class) • Limits of CDM (Dalit participation, Poona Pact) • Culture shaping collective identity
Geography	Resources and Development	• Resource development – importance & process in India • Land utilization in India • Types of soils (Alluvial, Black, Laterite, Red & Yellow) + crops grown • Soil erosion • Rio Summit & Agenda 21
	Forest and Wildlife Resources	• Indian Wildlife Protection Act • Project Tiger (case study) • Community & conservation methods (2 examples + Chipko movement / Joint Forest Management)
	Agriculture	• Types of farming & farming seasons • Important crops: Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sugarcane, Tea, Cotton, Jute, Millets • Technological & institutional reforms (long questions)
Civics	Power Sharing	• Accommodation model vs majoritarianism • Ethnic composition & Sri Lankan struggles (short) • Reasons for power sharing • Modern forms – vertical & horizontal
	Federalism	• Features of federalism (3–5 points) • Types of federation • What makes India federal – Division of powers, Union Territories • Linguistic states • Centre–State relations • Decentralisation of power – need & changes after amendment
	Gender, Religion and Caste	• Oppression against women • Gender in politics • Communalism – forms in daily life (3–4 points) • Secularism in India • Caste in politics – importance, elections, dangers of caste focus
Economics	Development	• World Development Report • Per Capita Income • Human Development Index (HDI) • Key terms – Net Attendance Ratio, HDI, state comparison (NCERT) • Case studies on sustainable development (Groundwater, Oil – NCERT)
	Sectors of Indian Economy	• Concepts – GDP & GVA, Intermediate & Final goods • Rising importance of Tertiary Sector (3 reasons) • Meaning of underemployment (1 rural, 1 urban example) • Ways to create more employment (3 points) • Organised vs unorganised sector (2025 case study) • Public vs private sector – responsibilities
	Money and Credit	• Money as a medium of exchange • Modern forms of money – demand deposits (very important) • Formal vs informal sources of credit • Terms of credit • Need to increase formal credit in India • Self Help Groups (very important)

Important Preparation Tips for Class 10 Board 2025

➤ Make a time-table – keep 2 hours aside for each subject.

➤ Solve previous years question papers – this will give you an idea of the pattern and important topics.

➤ Put diagrams and formula charts on the wall – revision will be easy.

➤ Make NCERT book as your base – most of the questions come from it.

➤ Take mock tests – both time management and speed will improve.

👉 CBSE Class 10 Study Materials

CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2025-26	NCERT Solutions For Class 10
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Papers	CBSE Class 10 Books
CBSE Class 10 Full Study Material	CBSE Class 10 Sample Paper 2025-26