CBSE Lab Manual Class 10 2025-26

The majority of experiments are performed under a controlled environment, which we all know as a lab. To help students like you become familiar with the basic tools and techniques used in a science laboratory, the CBSE prescribes a lab manual Class 10. 

This manual has been developed by NCERT, following the board’s guidelines. By developing a strong command of the practical work and viva questions, you can score the full five marks in Science and Maths. The lab manual Class 10​ 2025-26 is a tool that can help you learn about these activities and oral questions. 

Why the Lab Manual Is Important for CBSE Class 10

The CBSE lab manual Class 10​ is important for you to learn Science and a few Maths concepts through real-world experiments. It is developed to help you build strong practical skills and improve your confidence in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. 

Furthermore, the NCERT lab manual Class 10​ helps you become familiar with these key sections: Aim of the experiments, Materials Required, Theory used, Procedure, Observations, Result, and Precautions, so that you can perform the activities in the lab without making mistakes. It also helps you prepare for the viva questions, project work, and internal assessment.

Subject-Wise CBSE Lab Manual Class 10​

The Central Board of Secondary Education provides experiments and activities for Science and Maths in Class 10. Since Science is divided into three core subjects: Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, you have a separate set of lab manuals for each. Our team has curated those manuals and provided them here in a subject-wise manner.

By going through the experiment list of each subject in the practical manual Class 10​, you’ll understand which activities you need to perform and the viva questions. Knowing these will help you better prepare for the practical exams and secure 5 out of 5 marks in the board exam.

Sr. No.	CBSE Class 10 Lab Manual Subject-wise
1	Maths Lab Manual Class 10
2	Physics Lab Manual Class 10
3	Chemistry Lab Manual Class 10
4	Biology Lab Manual Class 10

CBSE Class 10 Physics Experiments List

You find a total of 7 experiments in the Class 10 lab manual book, which are from different topics. A few samples of Physics experiments are mentioned here:

• Verify the laws of reflection of light using a plane mirror.
• Draw the images of an object, formed by a concave mirror, when the object is placed at various positions.
• Study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a concave mirror, when placed slightly beyond the centre of curvature.

CBSE Class 10 Chemistry Experiments List

CBSE Class 10 Chemistry practicals are designed to help you understand the topics and concepts that you studied in theory. With the help of experiments mentioned in the Class 10 lab manual PDF​, you see reactions, learn about chemicals, and understand how different substances behave in real life. Each experiment mentioned in the PDF helps you build skills for the CBSE board practical exam, including viva questions. 

Here is a Chemistry experiment list that will guide you through every topic you must practise to score well in the practical exam and to stay confident in the laboratory.

• Prepare soap via the saponification reaction.
• Compare the cleaning capacity of a soap sample in hard water and in soft water.
• Study how HCl and NaOH react with: Litmus solution (red/blue), Zinc metal, and Solid sodium carbonate.

CBSE Class 10 Biology Experiments List

The experiments mentioned in the lab manual Class 10 PDF free download for Biology help you see cells, study plants, and understand how living things work. The activities are described in a way that you learn to use lab tools, make slides, and record results. Each practical activity helps you prepare for the school practical and the oral exam. We are sharing a few Biology experiments to help you better understand the types of activities you will find in the PDF.

• Show stomata by preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel.
• Showcase how light is necessary for photosynthesis.
• Study binary fission in Amoeba or Paramoecium and budding in yeast or Hydra.

Class 10 Maths Lab Activities

Several students find Mathematics a subject that is based on theoretical knowledge and hard to use in real life, especially for topics like trigonometry. However, the lab manual Class 10​ indicates how Maths concepts can be used in real life through various activities. Below are some Class 10 Maths lab activities, and for a complete list, you can use our link to download the PDF.

• Use a clinometer/trigonometric method to find the height of a distant object/building.
• Verify the formula for the area of a triangle by counting squares vs. the formula.
• Verify the section formula by a graphical method.
• Use wooden strips and threads to draw systems of similar squares or triangles, exploring similarity visually.
• Verify experimentally that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius at that point.

How to Download Lab Manual Class 10​ 2025-26?

Various methods exist to download the lab manual Class 10​ 2025-26 in PDF. However, you can follow these simple steps to access the lab manual in a subject-wise and topic-wise manner.

1. Go to ‘Selfstudys.com’ and browse the menu.

 

2. Within the menu, find CBSE and click on it, then Lab Manual.

 

3. A new page opens; now select your Class: 10th.

 

4. A list of subjects appears for the CBSE lab manual Class 10​; choose any and click on it to expand it further.

 

5. Now, you have experiments; click on any to access their PDF for free. 

6. You can download the NCERT lab manual Class 10​ or view it online in HD quality.

Note: Complete a Google Log In on SelfStudys to download the practical manual Class 10​. 

Materials and Apparatus Used in the Lab (Class 10 Science)

Each experiment in the Class 10 lab manual book is different, and so are the materials and apparatus. In the laboratory, you find these common laboratory apparatus:

Apparatus / Material	Use / Purpose
Beaker	Holding, mixing, and heating liquids
Test Tubes & Test Tube Stand	Conducting small-scale reactions
Conical Flask (Erlenmeyer Flask)	Titration and mixing solutions
Measuring Cylinder	Accurate measurement of liquids
Dropper / Pipette	Adding liquids dropwise
Bunsen Burner / Spirit Lamp	Heating substances
Glass Rod	Stirring solutions
Funnel	Filtration or transferring liquids
Filter Paper	Separating solids from liquids
Tripod Stand & Wire Gauze	Heating beakers safely
Watch Glass	Evaporation or holding small quantities
Forceps & Tongs	Handling hot equipment
pH Paper / Litmus Paper	Testing acidity or alkalinity
Thermometer	Measuring temperature
Spring Balance	Measuring weight/force
Magnifying Glass / Microscope	Observing small objects in biology labs

Lab Safety Rules for Class 10 Students

For Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, the safety rules are subject to the experiments, which you can find in the Class 10 lab manual PDF​. However, there are some basic lab safety rules you must know:

• Always wear a lab coat, shoes, and safety goggles.
• Do not taste or directly smell chemicals. Use a wafting method.
• Read labels before using any chemical.
• Never heat a closed container.
• Handle acids and bases carefully; always add acid to water, not the reverse.
• Do not play or run inside the laboratory.
• Tie long hair and avoid loose clothing.
• Keep your workspace clean and organized.
• Switch off burners and electrical equipment after use.
• Report any accident or breakage to the teacher immediately.

Types of Questions Asked in CBSE Class 10 Science Practical Exams

Practical exams are not like theoretical papers; you will be asked questions to check your skills rather than your ability to memorise the topic. You may face these types of questions in the CBSE Class 10 Science practical exam in 2025-26:

• Identify an apparatus or chemical.
• Perform an experiment and show the readings.
• Write observations and results.
• Draw diagrams based on what you see.
• Answer short questions related to the aim and procedure.
• Record data in tables.
• Solve a simple calculation based on the experiment.

CBSE Class 10 Science Viva Questions with Answers

Most of the viva voce questions are designed to test your understanding of concepts and practical knowledge. Although the viva questions are unpredictable, there are some potential Science questions you can prepare for.

Q1: What is Ohm’s Law?

Ans: Ohm’s Law states that current is directly proportional to voltage when the temperature stays the same.

Q2: How is an ammeter connected in a circuit?

Ans: An ammeter is connected in series.

Q3: Why do acids turn blue litmus red?

Ans: Because acids release hydrogen ions.

Q4: What is a displacement reaction?

Ans: A more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt.

Q5: Why do plants need sunlight?

Ans: Plants need sunlight for photosynthesis.

Q6: What gas is released during respiration?

Ans: Carbon dioxide.

CBSE Lab Manual Class 10​ Mathematics Projects

The CBSE recommends that Class 10 students perform at least twenty Maths activities in an academic session. Usually, two projects should be done from a single concept, which can be performed by a group of students or individually. Since the CBSE Class 10 Maths internal assessment has a 20-mark weightage, here we are providing the lab manual Class 10 PDF free download projects list:

1. Develop Heron’s formula for the area of a triangle by exploring its geometric and algebraic basis. 
2. Research and present the story of π (pi), including its history, importance, and real-life uses. 
3. Study how number systems developed, explain their needs, and show examples from different civilisations. 
4. Create a timeline of Indian mathematicians, showing their lives and major contributions. 
5. Trace the chronological development of methods used to solve quadratic equations and explain each step. 
6. Derive the formula for the area of a cyclic quadrilateral and show how it works with examples. 
7. Prove the Pythagoras Theorem using methods other than the one in your textbook. 
8. Investigate and explain extensions of the Pythagoras Theorem, with examples.
9. Compare rectangles: (1) For a fixed perimeter, find which rectangle gives the maximum area. (2) For a fixed area, find which rectangle gives the least perimeter.
10.  Classify various solid figures and compare their surface areas and volumes with appropriate examples. 
11. Show that the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon taken in order is always 360°, using examples or models. 
12. Generate different Pythagorean triplets using suitable formulas and methods. 
13. Create and analyse magic squares, explaining their structure and patterns.

There are nine more Maths project tasks you can find in the lab manual Class 10​.

Class 10 Maths Internal Assessment Marking Scheme

The CBSE Class 10 Maths has a maximum of 100 marks that a student can score. However, the marks are divided into two:

• Theory Examination: 80 marks 
• Internal Assessment: 20 marks

The internal assessment is conducted throughout the academic year by giving students multiple Maths projects. These 12 marks are further divided into three areas:

• Year-end assessment of activities: 12 marks 
• Assessment of Project Work: 5 marks 
• Viva-voce: 3 marks

Here’s the breakdown of 12 marks for assessment for a single activity:

Criteria	Marks
Statement of the objective of the activity	1 mark
Material required	1 mark
Preparation for the activity	3 marks
Conduct of the activity	3 marks
Observation and analysis	3 marks
Results and Conclusion	1 mark
Total	12 marks

Here’s another breakdown of 5 marks for project work:

Criteria	Marks
Identification and statement of the project	1 mark
Planning the project	1 mark
Procedure adopted	1 mark
Observations from data collected	1 mark
Interpretation and application of the result	1 mark
Total	5 marks

Tips to Score High in CBSE Class 10 Practical Exams

Your practical exam score is based on four main areas: Practical execution, lab notebook maintenance, written exam performance, and viva-voce. To understand the tips for these better, here are detailed tips for each stage:

Before the Practical

• Go through all the experiments, diagrams, and formulas in the lab manual Class 10​ 2025-26.
• Memorise all the important definitions, precautions, and inference points from the CBSE lab manual Class 10​.
• Practice drawing clean and labelled diagrams, just like in the NCERT lab manual Class 10​.

During the Practical

• The first, most important step is to read the question carefully.
• Avoid guesswork and aim to take accurate measurements.
• Write the procedure in simple steps.
• Presentation matters, so keep your workspace neat and clean.
• Follow all precautions when you are performing an experiment.

In Viva-Voce

• Pay attention to the question you are being asked and answer it with confidence.
• Instead of lengthy and complex answers, give short and direct answers.
• If you face any question you do not know the answer to, just stay calm and try to attempt it logically.

Conclusion

The practical manual Class 10​ makes your exam preparation process easy. From being familiar with experiments for each subject to practising the viva voce questions, the lab manual plays an important role. In fact, the learning process and understanding concepts become easier as you attempt the experiments, following all the steps, precautions, and safety rules.