Our Environment Test - 8

The autotrophs capture the energy present in sunlight and convert it into chemical energy. Therefore, the energy available for transfer from one trophic level to the next trophic level in an ecosystem is in the form of chemical energy. When one form of energy is changed to another, some energy is lost.

Disposable plastic plates should not be used because they are made of non-biodegradable material. Non-biodegradable substances may be inert, are not broken down and persist in the environment for a long time. They may thus cause harm to the various members of the ecosystem.

If deer is missing from the given food chain, the population of tiger will decrease and the growth of grass will increase. A missing link in a food chain will create an imbalance in the ecosystem.

The ecosystem of the earth is known as biosphere. The term "biosphere" was coined by geologist Eduard Suess in 1875, which he defined as the place on Earth's surface where life dwells.

Secondary treatment in sewage treatment plant involves biological treatment (use of microorganisms)

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause eye diseases like the cataract. A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision. 

Pollution caused by garbage can be controlled by: (1) Recycling of plastic and paper; plastic is non-biodegradable and persists in the environment for a long time; it may harm the ecosystem. (2) Use of biodegradable products; biodegradable waste can be broken down by biological processes and do not harm the ecosystem. (3) Producing biogas from the organic wastes.

Frog and snake - both secondary consumers - belong to the same trophic level. Plant is a producer and belongs to the first trophic level. Deer is a herbivore (a primary consumer) and belongs to the second trophic level, Hawk belongs to the last trophic level.

The three Rs – reduce, reuse and recycle – all help in the management of wastes. They conserve natural resources, landfill space and energy. 

If a grasshopper is eaten by a frog, then the energy transfer will be from a primary consumer to a secondary consumer. A grasshopper is a primary consumer. A frog is a secondary consumer.