Heredity and Evolution Test

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 33

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Identify the odd one out from the following :

A
The nails of human beings and claw of a cat

B
Ginger and sweet potato

C
Wings of bat and insect

D
The trunk of an elephant and hand of a chimpanzee

Solution

Ginger and sweet potato, wings of a bat and insect and Nails of human beings and claws of a cat represent convergent evolution since diverse organisms here individually develop the traits which are similar in function.
While trunk of an elephant and hand of a chimpanzee represent divergent evolution since the two structures are different in function but belong to the class Mammalia.
So, the correct option is 'The trunk of an elephant and hand of a chimpanzee'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Mendel's experiments on dihybrid cross was based on

A
Yellow cotyledon, round seed x green cotyledon, wrinkled seed

B
Tall plant, red flower x dwarf plant, white flower

C
Green cotyledon, round seed x yellow cotyledon, wrinkled seed

D
Tall plant yellow flower x dwarf plant, white flower

Solution

Mendel went on to analyze the descendants of pure lines that differed in two characters. Mendel started with two parental pure lines. One line had yellow, wrinkled seeds and the other line had green, round seeds. So, the correct option is C. (Green cotyledon, round seed x yellow cotyledon, wrinkled seed )
Question 3
1 / -0

Mendel's Law of independent assortment stated that:

A
The segregation of alleles for one gene occurs independently to that of any other gene.

B
When gametes form, alleles are separated so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

C
Recessive alleles will be masked by dominant alleles.

D
The segregation of alleles for one gene occurs dependently to that of any other gene.

Solution

The Law of Independent Assortment states that during a dihybrid cross (crossing of two pairs of traits), an assortment of each pair of traits is independent of the other. In other words, during gamete formation, one pair of traits segregates from another pair of traits independently.
Hence, option A is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

In 1952, when still a graduate student, he circulated water, ammonia, methane and hydrogen, pass an electric discharge to simulate lightning and got complicated molecules associated with life such as amino acids. This experiment was one of the first great experiments which proved that life indeed could arise from non-living matter.
Who was this scientist?

A
Donald Arthur Glaser

B
Murray Gell-Mann

C
Carl Sagan

D
Stanley Lloyd Miller

Solution

S.L. Miller was an American chemist who made landmark experiments in the origin of life by experimentally showing that a wide range of vital organic compounds can be synthesized by fairly simple chemical processes from inorganic substances.
So, the correct option is D. ( Stanley Lloyd Miller )
Question 5
1 / -0

If a heterozygous tall pea plant is self-pollinated, what will be the heterozygous:homozygous ratio of the progenies?

A
1:3

B
1:1

C
3:1

D
1:2

Solution

Considering a heterozygous parent with T and t alleles is self-pollinated, we get two sets of heterozygous progeny and two homozygous progenies.

Homozygous $$\rightarrow$$ TT, tt =2
Heterozygous $$\rightarrow$$ Tt = 2
Ratio of Heterozygous:Homozygous = 2:2 = 1:1
So, the ratio between them is 1:1.
Question 6
1 / -0

A brown-eyed couple has a blue-eyed child. The trait of brown eye (B) is dominant over that of blue-eyed (b). What is the genotype of the couple?

A
Bb $$\times$$ Bb

B
BB $$\times$$ BB

C
BB $$\times$$ Bb

D
BB $$\times$$ bb
Solution
- B is the dominant gene for the brown colored eye. So, for the progeny to be blue-eyes the recessive allele needs to be inherited from both the parents. This means, the brown-eyed parents need to be heterozygous.
- The genotype of the couple is Bb x Bb because only this combination can give 25% probability of bb genotype in progeny which accounts for blue eyes.
So, the correct answer is 'A'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements (A - E) are wrong:
A. Mendel is called the 'Father of Genetics.'
B. The simplest cross conducted by Mendel is the dihybrid cross.
C. The dominant trait for the visible character seed colour selected by Mendel is green.
D. The first generation offspring is also represented as pure breeding.
E. Mendel's experiments are based on the cross-breeding of two plants of pea differing from each other.

A
B and D only

B
C, D and E

C
B and E only

D
B, C and D

Solution

The simplest cross done by Mendel is a monohybrid cross and not a dihybrid. Also, first-generation which we get after the crossing of two pure breeds is always heterozygous. Hence, the statements B and D are incorrect
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
1 / -0

How many genotypes are possible from a cross between the parent $$RR$$ and $$rr$$?

A
Four

B
One

C
Three

D
Two

Solution

Crossing between RR and rr will give one genotype that is Rr.
So, the correct option is B.
Question 9
1 / -0

If different alleles are present in the same genotype, then it is called ______________.

A
Homozygous

B
Hetreozygous

C
Dominant

D
Dihybrid

Solution

If different alleles are present in the same genotype, then it is called heterozygous. For example, two alleles for height trait are as follows:
T - dominant allele (tall)
t - recessive allele (dwarf)
So, the possible genotypes will be:
Homozygous dominant - TT (tall)
Homozygous recessive - tt (dwarf)
Heterozygous - Tt (tall)
Question 10
1 / -0

In humans, sex is determined by :
I. 22 pairs of chromosomes which are exactly alike in male and female
II. A pair of sex chromosomes
III. Egg with single set of chromosome
IV. Genetic make up of a sperm

A
III & IV

B
II, III and IV

C
I, III and IV

D
II & IV

Solution

Sex determination in humans is based on the pair of sex chromosomes provided by both the mother and the father.
The mother contains both XX as the pair of sex chromosomes, but the father has an X and a Y chromosome.
The father provides one of the two while mother provides only X as gametes.
If the child gets XY, the sex is determined to be a boy while in case of XX, it is a girl.

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 33

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 33

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Question 1

The nails of human beings and claw of a cat

Ginger and sweet potato

Wings of bat and insect

The trunk of an elephant and hand of a chimpanzee

Solution

Question 2

Yellow cotyledon, round seed x green cotyledon, wrinkled seed

Tall plant, red flower x dwarf plant, white flower

Green cotyledon, round seed x yellow cotyledon, wrinkled seed

Tall plant yellow flower x dwarf plant, white flower

Solution

Question 3

The segregation of alleles for one gene occurs independently to that of any other gene.

When gametes form, alleles are separated so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Recessive alleles will be masked by dominant alleles.

The segregation of alleles for one gene occurs dependently to that of any other gene.

Solution

Question 4

Donald Arthur Glaser

Murray Gell-Mann

Carl Sagan

Stanley Lloyd Miller

Solution

Question 5

1:3

1:1

3:1

1:2

Solution

Question 6

Bb $$\times$$ Bb

BB $$\times$$ BB

BB $$\times$$ Bb

BB $$\times$$ bb

Solution

Question 7

B and D only

C, D and E

B and E only

B, C and D

Solution

Question 8

Four

One

Three

Two

Solution

Question 9

Homozygous

Hetreozygous

Dominant

Dihybrid

Solution

Question 10

III & IV

II, III and IV

I, III and IV

II & IV

Solution

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