Manufacturing Industries Test - 11

Coimbatore.

1854.

First modern textile mill was established in 1854 in Mumbai. Next it was established in Ahmadabad in 1859. Later Kanpur and Madras cotton textile mills were established. 

Ahmedabad, the business hub of Gujarat state which is often referred as 'Manchester of the East' has been thriving on its textile industry. The city has gained mostly due to its location in the cotton growing belt and also because of the river Sabarmati which requires water for manufacturing textiles.

Varanasi.

Textile industry contributes 14% to industrial production and 4 per cent to GDP. With employment to 45 million people, textile industry is one of the largest source of employment generation in the country. The industry accounts for nearly 13 per cent of total export earnings of India

The first Indian cotton mill ‘The Bombay Spinning Mill’ was opened in 1854 in Bombay by Cowasji Nanabhai Davar. In the year 1854, the first cotton textile mill of Mumbai was established by a Parsi cotton merchant.

The first iron and steel plant was established in 1907. It was a momentous day in the history of industrial India in Jamshedpur.

• Operation Flood was a project of India's National Dairy Development Board, which was the world's biggest dairy development program and was launched in 1970.
  
• The White Revolution in India, also known as Operation Flood, was a plan of three phases by the National Dairy Development Board to revitalize India's dairy production until India became self-sufficient in milk. The program was so successful that by 1998, India was the world's largest milk producer.
  

1. Mining activity is the main cause of environmental degradation.
2. Both legal and illegal mining activities has resulted in soil contamination, groundwater contamination, surface water contamination and loss of bio-diversity.
3. It also led to destruction of habitat and soil erosion.