Federalism Test - 8

Following statements are true about federal system:-

• The origins of different federations are dissimilar.
• Federalism promotes unity in diversity.

• India is a fine example of Holding together federation.
• Holding together federation is nothing but the division of powers between the states of the country and central government of that country.

Andhra Pradesh was initially a part of Tamilnadu. The people in the Southern region of the combined state spoke Tamil and people in the northern part spoke Telugu. Hence the people who spoke Telugu demanded a separate state for better governance and separate statehood. Andhra Pradesh was created based on a Linguistic basis on 1st October $$1953$$. The separation was lead by Potti Sriramulu who sacrificed his life after fasting $$58$$ days for statehood.  

Correct Answer - B

The Gram Panchayat works under the overall supervision of the Gram Sabha. All the voters in the village are the members of the Gram Sabha

Union of India- Prime Minister
State- GovernorMunicipal Corporation- Mayor
Gram Panchayat - Sarpanch.

Consolidated Fund of India is the most important of all government accounts. This fund was constituted under Article 266 (1) of the Constitution of India. All revenues received by the government by way of direct taxes and indirect taxes, money borrowed and receipts from loans given by the government flow into the Consolidated Fund of India.

federations are contrasted with unitary governments. Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the local government. But in a federal system, the central government cannot order the state government to do something. State government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the central government. Both these governments are separately answerable to the people.
Let us look at some of the key features of federalism :
1 There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government.
2 Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own JURISDICTION in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
3 The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of government are specified in the constitution. So the existence and authority of each tier of government is constitutionally guaranteed.
4 The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government.
5 Courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the powers of different levels of government. The highest court acts as an umpire if disputes arise between different levels of government in the exercise of their respective powers.
6 Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy.
7. The judiciary plays an important role in overseeing the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures. In case of any dispute about the division of powers, the High Courts and the Supreme Court make a decision. The Union an d State governments have the power to raise resources by levying taxes in order to carry on the government and the responsibilities assigned to each of them.

Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. Usually, a federation has two levels of government. One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest. The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.