Democracy and Diversity Test - 12

Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the local government. 

Social division takes place when some social differences overlap with each other. In India social division is based on language, religion, and caste. In our country Dalits tends to be poor and landless. They often face discrimination and injustice. If we worship or follow a god or goddess then also we face discrimination. We often face discrimination on the way we speak in various parts of our country.

• Guantanamo Bay is a United States military prison. 
  
• It was a detention place for the American prisoners who were responsible for the attack on twin towers in New York (September 11, 2001).
• America considered prisoners as enemies and linked them to the attack on New York.
  

• Ethnic means social division on shared culture.
• Ethnic groups in USA are Hispanic or Latino, Asian American, African American, etc.
• A particular race or group of people who have a culture that is different from the main culture of a country.
  

i) World conference on Human Rights Vienna- 14 to 25 June 1993.
ii) The World Summit for Social Development Copenhagen- 1995.
iii) United Nations Conference on Human Settlement Istanbul- 3 to 14 June 1996.
iv) World Conference against Racism Durban- 2001.

• Martin Luther King started the Civil Rights Movement in USA.
• Civil Rights Movement happened between 1954-1968
• The primary goal of Civil Rights Movement is to end social discrimination.
• Civil Rights Movement refers to a set of events and reforms movement and at abolishing legal racial discrimination against African Americans led by Martin Luther King Jr.

• It is a political movement to empower black people in the United States.
• The movement involved both violent (anti-racist) and peaceful protests.

Political expression of social division in a democracy is beneficial as it allows marginalised social groups to express their grievances and seek their redressal. Expression of different kinds of divisions cancel each other out and reduces their intensity. It also eliminate insecurity among different groups about their existence in a society. However, political expression of social divisions is beneficial subject to fulfilent of certain conditions.

The SFR Yugoslavia was a conglomeration of eight federated entities, roughly divided along ethnic lines, including six republics—Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia—and two autonomous provinces within Serbia, Vojvodina and Kosovo.

Protestantism is the most popular religion practiced in the United Kingdom. For centuries, it has played a primary role in shaping political and religious life throughout the region. Although a German, Martin Luther, was responsible for the beginnings of the Protestant Reformation in the early 16th century, the United Kingdom, and especially England, developed the Reformation further and produced many of its most notable figures. Protestantism influenced many of England's monarchs in the 16th and 17th centuries, including Henry VIII, Edward VI, Elizabeth I, and James I. Violence was commonplace, and persecution was largely dependent on whether the monarch was Catholic or Protestant. Reformers and early church leaders were greatly persecuted in the first centuries of the Reformation, but the non-conformist movement survived. As a result of the Reformation, Protestantism is the most widely practiced religion in the modern United Kingdom, although participation in the church has weakened in recent years.