The Living World Test - 14

Branch of biology which deals with the study of flowers is known as anthology.

Euphenics deals with control of several inherited human diseases, especially errors of metabolism with genetic engineering.

The term cell was first coined by an English microscopist Robert Hooke in 1665.

Life is a unique, complex organization of molecules, expressing itself through chemical reactions which lead to growth, development, responsiveness, adaptation and reproduction.

Atoms are generally formed of three subatomic particles ‘s electron, proton and neutron. Atoms aggregate form molecule so an atom is the smallest part of an element.

Maximum energy is provided by fats (9.45 K. cal).

Energy is utilized by cells for Reproduction, Growth, Biochemical activities.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed, but energy can change from one form to another.

Foot and mouth virus are the smallest virus

The term "New Systematics" was given by Julian Huxley (1940). Characters of plants collected through different branches of science are considered e.g., ecology, physiology, biochemistry, cytology, genetics, etc.

The smallest unit of classification is species.

Binomial nomenclature means the scientific name of any organism which consist of a generic epithet and a specific epithet.

Trinomial nomenclature of gorilla is Gorilla.

Taxonomy is the science of identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms. But taxonomy and systematics are different terms. Systematics is the branch of biology that deals with diversity of organisms at every level of classification.

Melittopalynology is flourishing branch that provide ample clue regarding plant-pollinator relationship.

Nomenclature

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants. Its intent is that each taxonomic group ("taxon", plural "taxa") of plants has only one correct name that is accepted worldwide.

Taxon may be defined as the taxonomic group or category such as class, species etc. Thus, taxon is the unit group of taxonomy.

The common characteristics between tomato and potato will be maximum at the level of their family. The family includes the Datura or Jimson weed, eggplant, mandrake, deadly nightshade or belladonna, capsicum (paprika, Chile pepper), potato, tobacco, tomato and petunia.

Classification helps in understanding diverse varieties of organisms and also gives an idea about the origin and evolution of organisms which are morphologically similar.

Classification is needed:

(i) For convenient study of living organisms.

(ii) For specific identification of various organisms.

(iii) To integrate the idea of life by studying new representative from each group.

(iv) To study about evolutionary relationship by establishing the gradually increasing complexities in group of plants and animals.

 Biosystematics is the study of diversity of organism and all their comparative and evolutionary relationships.