Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 65

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Question 1
1 / -0

Meiosis occurs in organisms during

A
Sexual reproduction

B
Vegetative reproduction

C
Both sexual and Vegetative reproduction

D
None of the above

Solution

Meiosis occurs in organisms during sexual reproduction because during sexual reproduction the gametes fuse to form a single cell thus doubling its ploidy. To maintain the correct number of chromosomes in the new zygote as in the parent cell, the ploidy is halved with the help of meiosis.
So, the correct option is 'Sexual reproduction'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Select the correct statement about $$G_1$$ phase.

A
Cell is metabolically inactive

B
DNA in the cell does not replicate

C
It is not a phase of synthesis of macromolecules

D
Cell stops growing

Solution

$$G_1$$ belong to interphase of cell cycle which is metabolically active stage. During $$G_1$$ synthesis of ATP nucleotides,amino acids,RNAs and protein synthesis occur and growth of nucleus is observed. DNA replicates in S- phase of the cell cycle.
Question 3
1 / -0

Meiosis results in

A
Production of gametes

B
Reduction in the number of chromosomes

C
Introduction of variation

D
All of the above

Solution

Meiosis is a process of cell division where a diploid parent cell divides into 4 haploid daughter cells. In this process, there is a reduction of the number of chromosomes in the daughter cell than in parent cell. This process occurs during the production of gametes. Crossing over of chromosomes occurs in the meiosis which induces variation in the chromosome.
So, the correct option is D.
Question 4
1 / -0

During metaphase, this change occurs in the chromosomes_______

A
Get coil shape

B
Arranged parallel to equatorial plane

C
Get destroyed due to breaking

D
Get folded

Solution

It is a process of cell division where chromosomes replicate and get equally distributed into two daughter cells. Hence, it is also called the equational division.
The process of mitosis keeps the chromosome number equal in daughter as well as parental cell. Mitosis usually takes place in somatic cells.
In metaphase chromosomal material condenses to form compact chromosomes that get aligned in the middle of the nucleus at equatorial plate.
So, the answer is 'Arranged parallel to equatorial plane'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Daughter centriole (in animal cells) starts moving away from each other until they occupy the polar position in which phase.

A
Early prophase

B
Late prophase

C
Early metaphase

D
Late metaphase

Solution

By the end of late metaphase, the mitotic spindle or daughter centrioles starts reaches the polar edges so that they can bring the chromosomes to edges in the anaphase for cell division.
So, the correct option is 'Late metaphase'.
Question 6
1 / -0

........... is not responsible for fixing the wear and tear cells of multicellular organisms and multiplication in unicellular organisms.

A
Somatic cell division

B
Equational division

C
Mitosis

D
Meiosis

Solution

Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells. Hence it is called the equational division. Here a diploid parent cell doubles its DNA prior to mitosis to provide daughter cells with the required number of chromosomes. So, it is a type of somatic cell division. Mitosis is responsible for wear and tear of the body. It helps in repairing of cells. But meiosis happens only in gamete cells. Here four daughter cells are produced with half the number of chromosomes as that of the parent cell.
So the correct answer is meiosis.
Question 7
1 / -0

The life of all multicellular organisms through sexual reproduction starts as a ............

A
Zygote

B
Sperm cell

C
Haploid cell

D
Egg

Solution

In sexual reproduction, an egg cell from female and a sperm from a male fuse to form a zygote, precursor to an embryo offspring. The offspring is generally distinct from parents. Both the gametes contain half the number of required chromosomes, that is they are haploid in nature. The zygote contains the exact number of chromosomes required. This is how chromosome number is conserved from generation to generation. The zygote undergoes further cell division to form an embryo.
So the correct answer is the zygote.
Question 8
1 / -0

........... is the most complicated and longest phase of meiotic division.

A
Prophase I

B
Prophase II

C
Metaphase I

D
Metaphase II

Solution

Prophase I is the most complicated and longest phase of meiosis as in this phase the DNA content is duplicating it takes longer time for its completion., and it is more complex, involves number of changes.
So, the correct option is 'Prophase - I'.
Question 9
1 / -0

In this stage of mitosis, the daughter chromosomes appear like bunch of bananas.

A
Prophase

B
Metaphase

C
Anaphase

D
Telophase

Solution

Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division).
the below diagram is representing the phases of the mitotic cell division.
Based on the above picture in Anaphase the daughter chromosome appears like a bunch of bananas.
Centromere splits and chromosomes move apart towards two opposite poles due to shortening of spindle fibers.
So the answer is C 'Anaphase'
Question 10
1 / -0

Match the following columns.
Column - I Column - II
A. Terminalisation 1. Metaphase - I
B. Histone synthesis 2. Anaphase - I
C. Disijunction 3. Diakinesis
4. $$S$$ - phase

A
$$A- 5, B- 2, C- 1$$

B
$$A- 3, B- 5, C- 4$$

C
$$A- 2, B- 5, C- 4$$

D
$$A- 3, B- 4, C- 2$$
Solution
- Diakinesis is the last stage of the prophase of meiosis. Homologous chromosomes are attached for recombination at points called chiasmata. These move towards the edges in diakinesis. This is termes as Terminalisation.
- S phase is the synthesis stage of interphase. Here, the DNA is replicated, histones, proteins, and other required materials are being synthesized.
- Pulling apart of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids is called disjunction and happens at anaphase of meiosis.
So the correct option is 'A−3, B−4, C−2'.

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	Column - I		Column - II
A.	Terminalisation	1.	Metaphase - I
B.	Histone synthesis	2.	Anaphase - I
C.	Disijunction	3.	Diakinesis
		4.	$$S$$ - phase

Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 65

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 65

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Question 1

Sexual reproduction

Vegetative reproduction

Both sexual and Vegetative reproduction

None of the above

Solution

Question 2

Cell is metabolically inactive

DNA in the cell does not replicate

It is not a phase of synthesis of macromolecules

Cell stops growing

Solution

Question 3

Production of gametes

Reduction in the number of chromosomes

Introduction of variation

All of the above

Solution

Question 4

Get coil shape

Arranged parallel to equatorial plane

Get destroyed due to breaking

Get folded

Solution

Question 5

Early prophase

Late prophase

Early metaphase

Late metaphase

Solution

Question 6

Somatic cell division

Equational division

Mitosis

Meiosis

Solution

Question 7

Zygote

Sperm cell

Haploid cell

Egg

Solution

Question 8

Prophase I

Prophase II

Metaphase I

Metaphase II

Solution

Question 9

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Solution

Question 10

$$A- 5, B- 2, C- 1$$

$$A- 3, B- 5, C- 4$$

$$A- 2, B- 5, C- 4$$

$$A- 3, B- 4, C- 2$$

Solution

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