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Mineral Nutrition Test - 38

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 38
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    An indispensable role in energy metabolism is played by
    Solution
    Plants require a number of mineral elements for optimum growth and activity. Phosphorous is an essential macro nutrient. It is a component of energy rich nucleotides, like ATP, GTP etc. 
    Phosphorous participates in all the reactions, where energy is either evolved or consumed. Hence, phosphorous plays an indispensable role in energy metabolism of a cell.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Energy obtained by a cell from catabolic reactions is stored immediately in the form of
    Solution
    Plants require a number of mineral elements for optimum growth and activity. Phosphorous is an essential macro nutrient. It is a component of energy rich nucleotides like ATP, GTP etc. Phosphorous participates in all the reactions where energy is either evolved or consumed. Hence, phosphorous plays an indispensable role in energy metabolism of a cell.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Etiolated plants are formed due to lack of
    Solution
    Chlorophylls are formed on exposure to light. The seedling grown in dark are tall, thin and pale in colour due to lack of chlorophyll. Such seedlings are called as etiolated seedlings.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The bulk of nitrogen in nature is fixed by 
    Solution
    Nitrogen is converted from atmospheric nitrogen (N$$_2$$) into usable forms, such as NO$$_2$$-, in a process known as fixation. The majority of nitrogen is fixed by bacteria, most of which are symbiotic with plants. Recently fixed ammonia is then converted to biologically useful forms by specialized bacteria. This occurs in two steps first, bacteria convert ammonia in to (nitrites) NO$$_2$$-, and then other bacteria species convert it to NO$$_3$$- (nitrate). De-nitrifying bacteria convert NO$$_2$$- back into atmospheric nitrogen (N$$_2$$), completing the cycle. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option d.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    A nutrient element essential for the formation of micro-tubules of the mitotic spindle apparatus during cell division is
    Solution
    Plants require seventeen essential mineral elements for normal growth and development. Calcium is an essential macronutrient. It is present in cell wall as calcium pectate and forms middle lamella. 
    Calcium is also required for normal process of cell division. It is required for spindle formation, which is important for movement of chromosomes, during mitosis.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Insectivorous plants grow in soils, which are deficient in
    Solution
    78 percent of atmosphere is nitrogen but the nitrogen in atmosphere is an inert gas and plants cannot use it. Plants absorb nitrogen in the form of nitrates, nitrites and ammonium ion form directly from soil. In case soil is deficient in nitrogen, some plants capture insects to supplement their nitrogen requirement. This is the case in insectivorous plants which grow in nitrogen deficient soils.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    During glycolysis the mineral needed as an enzyme activator is
    Solution
    Magnesium is an essential macronutrient for plants. Magnesium is a constituent of chlorophyll and is required by a number of enzymes, as cofactor. In fact for all the enzymes, which involve phosphorylation or dephosphorylation i.e., either synthesis or breakdown of ATP require magnesium as cofactor. For example all the kinase enzymes, like hexokinase, glucokinase etc.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The prosthetic cofactor of various respiratory enzyme is
    Solution
    Some enzymes require an extra organic (called as coenzyme) or inorganic molecule (called as cofactor) to catalyze the reaction. When the coenzyme or cofactor is tightly or covalently bound to the enzyme molecule, it is called as prosthetic group. 
    Magnesium is a prosthetic cofactor used by many respiratory enzymes, like hexokinase. In fact magnesium is an important inorganic ion, wherever ATP is used in a reaction.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The deficiencies of micronutrients, not only affects growth of plants but also vital function, such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow. Among the list given below, which group of three elements shall affect most, both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport?
    Solution
    Copper is part of plastocyanin protein in photosynthetic electron flow. In oxidative phosphorylation the terminal enzyme, cytochrome oxidase, which transfers electrons to water contains copper. Iron is part of heme of cytochrome proteins used by both respiratory and photosynthetic electron transport chains.  
    Manganese is required for photolysis of water and for activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme in mitochondrial electron transport system. This enzyme scavenges superoxide radicals.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Insectivorous plants usually survive in 
    Solution
    Plants are autotrophic organisms producing their own food through the process of photosynthesis. 
    Nitrogen is the most important mineral required for plants. It is an essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids. Plants absorb nitrogen from soil in the form of nitrates, nitrites and ammonium ions. Plants growing in nitrogen deficient soils capture insects to obtain necessary nitrogen.
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