Plant Growth and Development Test

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 90

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Mature differentiated cells revert to meristematic activity to form callus by

A
Differentiation

B
Cytodifferentiation

C
Redifferentiation

D
Dedifferentiation

Solution

In callus culture, cell division in explant (differentiated mass of mature cells) forms and callus. Callus is an irregular unorganized and undifferentiated mass of actively dividing cells. The process is called dedifferentiation.
So the correct option is 'Dedifferentiation'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The main effect of auxin is to stimulate cell:

A
division

B
elongation

C
turgor

D
differentiation

Solution

Auxins have key effects on plant growth one of which is Stimulating shoot elongation.
So, the correct option is 'elongation'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Sprouting of potato under storage condition can be prevented by

A
auxin

B
gibberellin

C
ethylene

D
cytokinin

Solution

Auxins promote stem elongation, inhibit the growth of lateral buds (maintains apical dominance) like in potato.
So the correct answer is "auxin".
Question 4
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
When mature green tomatoes are put in a sealed plastic bag, they remain green for several days. But, if one or two ripe apples are kept alongwith green tomatoes in the sealed container, the tomatoes turn red within a few days. It may be due to the fact that ripe apples:

A
produce ethylene which induces tomato ripening

B
remove carbon dioxide which initiates fruit ripening

C
absorb ethylene which induces tomato ripening

D
absorb carbon dioxide released from green tomatoes

Solution

Ethylene is highly effective in fruit ripening. It enhances the respiration rate during ripening of the fruits.
So, the correct option is 'produce ethylene which induces tomato ripening'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Allelopathy is caused by release of

A
Poison

B
Toxin

C
Pheromone

D
Chemicals

Solution

Allelopathy is the mechanism by which growth of the plant is inhibited by other organisms by releasing some bio-active secondary metabolites or chemicals known as allelochemicals which act as a toxin to plant.
So the correct option is 'Toxin'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Ethylene is antagonised by

A
Calcium

B
Carbon dioxide

C
Silver

D
Both B and C

Solution

Ethylene is a plant hormone which induces ripening of fruits in plants. Ethylene is antagonized by silver. Silver ions effectively inhibit initiation and continuation of the ripening process. Other compounds which inhibit ethylene response in plants are carbon dioxide, sugar and cycloheximide. These compounds delay senescence in flowers. Carbon dioxide acts as an antagonist by suppressing the synthesis of ethylene. It is used during storage of fruits and vegetables to delay the ripening process.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following plant hormones stimulates the ripening of fruit and inhibits plant growth?

A
Abscisic acid

B
Cytokinin

C
Ethylene

D
Gibberellin
Solution
- Ethylene is a simple gaseous PGR.
- It is synthesised in large amounts by tissues undergoing senescence and ripening fruits.
- Influences of ethylene on plants include horizontal growth of seedlings, swelling of the axis and apical hook formation in dicot seedlings.
- Ethylene promotes senescence and abscission of plant organs, especially of leaves and flowers.
- Ethylene is highly effective in fruit ripening
- So, the correct option is 'Ethylene'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
A hormone that causes cell division and is found in coconut milk or in dividing root tissue is:

A
abscisic acid

B
auxin

C
cytokinin

D
gibberelthi

Solution

In the presence of auxin (but not in its absence) kinetin stimulated tobacco pith parenchyma tissue to proliferate in culture. Later, zeatin was identified as the first naturally occurring cytokinin in immature maize endosperm (Letham, 1973), and turns out to be the abundant cytokinin in coconut milk.
So, the correct option is 'cytokinin'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is true regarding gibberellins?

A
There are about 70 chemically different gibberellins

B
They are growth promoters causing cell elongation

C
These hormones can break seed and bud dormancy

D
All of the above.

Solution

Gibberellins also delay senescence. Thus, the fruits can be left on the tree longer so as to extend the market period. GA3 is used to speed up the malting process in the brewing industry. Sugarcane stores carbohydrate as sugar in their stems. Spraying sugarcane crop with gibberellins increases the length of the stem, thus increasing the yield by as much as 20 tonnes per acre.
So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Select the correct statement(s) regarding auxins.

A
Auxins promote root growth only at extremely low concentrations and they inhibit root growth at higher concentrations.

B
Concentration of auxins which is inhibitory to root growth causes initiation of adventitious roots from the nodes or basal regions of stem.

C
Auxins such as NAA and IBA are used to induce rooting in stem cuttings.

D
All of the above.

Solution

Auxin is present in all parts of the plants in different concentrations. The concentration of auxin in different parts of the plant determines the development of the plant into a given cell type.
Auxin when present in roots at a very low concentration, promotes root formation. If it is present in higher concentration, root formation is inhibited. High concentrations of Auxin can even be toxic to the plants.
Auxin at optimum concentration promotes root formation. If the concentration increases beyond a certain level, it inhibits the formation of root and leads to the formation of adventitious roots instead.
Auxin is used in horticulture for the propagation of plants via stem cuttings because they induce root formation at the stem base.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Plant Growth and Development Test - 90

Result

Plant Growth and Development Test - 90

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Differentiation

Cytodifferentiation

Redifferentiation

Dedifferentiation

Solution

Question 2

division

elongation

turgor

differentiation

Solution

Question 3

auxin

gibberellin

ethylene

cytokinin

Solution

Question 4

produce ethylene which induces tomato ripening

remove carbon dioxide which initiates fruit ripening

absorb ethylene which induces tomato ripening

absorb carbon dioxide released from green tomatoes

Solution

Question 5

Poison

Toxin

Pheromone

Chemicals

Solution

Question 6

Calcium

Carbon dioxide

Silver

Both B and C

Solution

Question 7

Abscisic acid

Cytokinin

Ethylene

Gibberellin

Solution

Question 8

abscisic acid

auxin

cytokinin

gibberelthi

Solution

Question 9

There are about 70 chemically different gibberellins

They are growth promoters causing cell elongation

These hormones can break seed and bud dormancy

All of the above.

Solution

Question 10

Auxins promote root growth only at extremely low concentrations and they inhibit root growth at higher concentrations.

Concentration of auxins which is inhibitory to root growth causes initiation of adventitious roots from the nodes or basal regions of stem.

Auxins such as NAA and IBA are used to induce rooting in stem cuttings.

All of the above.

Solution

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