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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 38

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 38
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following happens if platelets are absent in blood?
    Solution
    Platelets are components of blood. They prevent bleeding by activating coagulation mechanisms hence contribute in wound healing. They play an important role in inflammatory and proliferative events. If the platelets are not present in the blood there will be continuous loss of blood by the blood vessels which may prove fatal.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    You were given two unlabelled slides with blood smears of an amphibian and a mammal. You would differentiate the blood samples by observing the 
    Solution
    The blood smears of amphibian and mammals are differentiated by the nature of RBC's because in amphibians the RBC are nucleated whereas the mammalian RBC are highly evolved so they lost their nucleus.
    So, the correct option is 'Nature of RBC's'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which blood cells of mammals are concerned with immunity?
    Solution
    Leucocytes or the white blood cells are concerned with immunity. They perform phagocytosis, antigen-presenting, the release of antibodies, release of cytokines, opsonization etc. to keep the immunity of the body against the pathogens. Erythrocytes or the red blood cells are responsible for the transportation of oxygen. Thrombocytes or the platelets are responsible for blood clotting.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Leucocytes'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which is the correct order in which the proteins participate in clotting of blood?
    Solution
    • Blood clotting occurs following an injury or trauma. This is a mechanism to prevent excessive loss of blood from the body. 
    • A clot is formed mainly of a network of threads, called fibrin. 
    • An injury stimulates the platelets in the blood to release certain factors, which activate the mechanism of coagulation. 
    • Platelets are a source of thromboplastin. Thromboplastin converts prothrombin, which is a plasma protein that is formed in the liver, into the enzyme thrombin. 
    • In turn, thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin. Fibrin is insoluble and forms the threads that bind the clot.
    • Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    When body tissues are injured resulting in the loss of blood, the process of blood clott begins and the blood platelets release
    Solution
    During an injury, the blood platelets release thromboplastin which converts plasma protein prothrombin into thrombin in the presence of calcium ions. Thrombin then converts soluble plasma protein fibrinogen into fibrin which forms a meshwork by trapping red blood cells, thus forming a clot.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Blood clot is mainly due to
    Solution
    The presence of calcium and other clotting factors, Factor X activates an enzyme called prothrombin activator. The enzyme prothrombin activator then converts plasma protein prothrombin into thrombin. Thrombin is the enzyme which in turn converts fibrinogen into fibrin. Polymerized fibrin together with platelets(corpuscles) forms a clot at the wound site. Hence blood clot is mainly due to fibrin and corpuscles.
    So the correct answer is 'Fibrin and corpuscles'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following factors has little effect on blood flow in arteries?
    Solution
    The increase in the heart beat leads to increase in the volume of blood pumped in the arteries which lead to the better supply of blood to the muscles.
    Blood pressure is an amount of force exerted against the walls of the arteries as blood flows through them. The increased blood pressure increases the amount of blood flow in the arteries.
    The contraction of skeletal muscles increase the blood flow as the metabolic rate increases and ATP is utilized.
    Total cross-sectional area indirectly affects the blood flow as the blood flow increase only in case of vasodilation which is caused only due to the relaxation of smooth muscles.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following carries gases as well as unused products in the human body?
    Solution
    Blood and lymph both are connective fluid tissues that carry $$CO_2$$ (blood also carry $$O_2$$ ), hormones, nutrients and waste products. Haemocyanin is not present in the human being. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    In ECG, P - wave represents
    Solution
    An ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test to check the electrical activity of the heart. ECG measures the atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization in the form of waves. It comprises of three waves, namely P wave, QRS complex and T wave. P wave in ECG represents atrial depolarization. QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization. T wave represents ventricular repolarization. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase deficiency is associated with haemolysis of
    Solution
    Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase or G6PD is an enzyme that is responsible for the normal functioning of the red blood cells. Deficiency or absence of it can cause the destruction of the RBCs at a rate faster than the rate that the body can produce them. It is an X-linked recessive error of metabolism. 
    So the correct answer is option B.
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