Body Fluids and...

Which of the following statements doesn’t hold true for blood clotting cascade?

i. Ruptured platelets release thromboplastin.
ii. Prothrombinis converted into thrombin in the presence of vitamin K and Na+ions.
iii. Fibrinogen is converted into fibrin through enzymatic action of thrombin in the presence of Ca++ions
iv. Fibrin makes clot via process of polymerisation.

Read the following :

i. The instrument used for recording heart’s electrical events is named electrocardiogram.
ii. In any ECG the part of base line between any two deflections is called interval.
iii. Abnormality in the working of heart changes wave pattern of ECG.

The mass of tissue seen in the left corner of the right atrium close to the atri-ventricular septum is

Blood pressure is expressed as the ratio of systolic over diastolic pressure. The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure is called pulse pressure. What will be its value for a normal healthy adult?

In the human heart :

i. The valve between right atrium and right ventricle is tricuspid while valve between left atrium and left ventricle is mitral valve.
ii. Openings of the right and the left ventricles into the pulmonary artery and the aorta are guarded by semilunar valves.
iii. ‘Lub’ the first sound which is low pitched is caused by the closure of semilunar valves while ‘Dub’ the second sound which is high pitched is caused by the closure of bicuspid and tricuspid valves.

Each cardiac cycle takes 0.8 seconds to occur. Calculate how many cardiac cycles occur in 4 minutes ?

The left atrium receives deoxygenated blood in :

Read the following statements :

i. when the heart is not pumping blood sufficient to meet the need of the body then this state is called as heart attack.
ii. when the heart stops beating due to irreversible death of cells then this state is called as heart failure.