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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 31

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 31
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Sight of delicious food usually makes mouth watery, it is a 
    Solution
    The sense of smell and sight of food are governed by olfactory and optic responses which work together to initiate the neural response during the cephalic phase of digestion. Sight, smell and sense of food initiate the neural response in which central nervous system prepares the stomach to receive food. The responses include salivation and secretion of gastric juices. The ingestion of food stimulates the hormonal responses to food which includes endocrine system to ensure releases of various digestive hormones at appropriate time. Thus, tye correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The inhibitory effect of vagus nerve on the heart is due to the secretion of 
    Solution
    The autonomous nervous system controls the heartbeat rate via the cardioregulatory centre in the medulla oblongata. The emergency conditions activate the sympathetic motor nerve and make the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine which in turn increase the heartbeat rate. On the other hand, vagus nerve conducts the parasympathetic motor impulses which in turn slow down the heartbeat rate by the effect of acetylcholine; a neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nervous system. Glycine and dopamine are neurotransmitters of the central nervous system while the heartbeat rate is controlled by an autonomous nervous system; a division of peripheral nervous system. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Area of coming together of two neuron ends in between a dendrite and axon end is known as
    Solution
    In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. Synapsis is the fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis. A cell junction (or intercellular bridge) is a type of structure that exists within the tissue of some multicellular organisms, such as animals. Cell junctions consist of multiprotein complexes that provide contact between neighbouring cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. Synapticula is one of the numerous calcareous processes which extend between, and unite, the adjacent septa of certain corals.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    A nerve cell transmits it's impulse to another through its_______________
    Solution
    • The axon terminals are the end of axon fiber and located close to the dendrites of another neuron, forming a connection known as a synapse and allowing them to send messages from neuron to neuron with the help of neurotransmitter. 
    • So, a nerve cell transmits it's impulse to another through its axons. 

    Thus, option C is correct and other options are wrong.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    If a man could learn to stop his heartbeat at will, he must have control over his 
    Solution
    The central nervous system includes brain and spinal cord. It integrates and stores the sensory information from external and internal sense organs and commands different organs to respond accordingly.
    Peripheral nervous system lies outside the central nervous system. It serves to carry the sensory information from external sensory receptors to CNS and motor signals from CNS to skeletal muscles via its somatic division (the voluntary actions). The autonomic division of peripheral nervous system controls the cardiac and smooth muscles and glands, thereby the functioning of internal organs, without our conscious control (the involuntary actions). The autonomic nervous system controls the heartbeat rate via cardioregulatory centre in the medulla oblongata. The emergency conditions activate the sympathetic motor nerve and make the adrenal medulla release epinephrine and norepinephrine which in turn increase the heartbeat rate. On the other hand, vagus nerve conducts the parasympathetic motor impulses which in turn slow down the heartbeat rate by the effect of acetylcholine. Thus, to control heartbeat, a man should have control over its autonomic nervous system. 
    The 12 pairs of cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system and are mostly concentrated in head, neck and facial region of the body (vagus nerve X being the part of autonomous division serves as an exception). 
    Hence, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The part of the neuron that brings information towards the cell body is:
    Solution
    Dendrites are the extensions of a cell body of a neuron. They receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons and bring them towards the cell body. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    A nucleated differentiated cell that has lost the power to divide is:
    Solution
    Nucleated differentiated cells that have lost the power to the division are nerve cells. These are the cells of the nervous system and carry electrical messages and signals throughout the body. They have lost their power to divide because the existing ones can grow new connections by losing the old ones and also these cells need oxygen and nutrients and if it divides rapidly and get packed, it will become difficult to supply and hence will starve.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Hearing is controlled by 
    Solution
    The temporal lobe is the lateral portion of cerebral hemisphere wherein primary auditory area and auditory association area, responsible for hearing, are located. Cerebrum serves to receive sensory inputs, to bring about integration before commanding voluntary motor responses, to coordinate the activities of another part of the brain, and to carry out higher thought processes for learning, memory, language and speech. Hypothalamus is mass of grey matter present at the base of the cerebrum. The limbic system of the hypothalamus that connects it with cerebral cortex is the centre of emotions, drives and instincts including appetite and satiate. The parietal lobe is the area of cerebrum responsible for sensations of temperature, speech, touch, pressure and pain. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The unmyelinated areas on myeliated nerve fibres are 
    Solution
    Schwann/Schwarm cells of peripheral nervous system produce the myelin sheath around the myelinated fibers. Gaps between two Schwann cells form nodes of Ranvier which are the unmyelinated areas. Dendrites are the small extension of nerve cells that receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons and brings them towards the cell body. The synaptic knob is the small button like structure present at the end of the axonal branch at the synapse and serves to store the neurotransmitters which are released in the synaptic cleft. The correct answer is A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The waxy substance which coasts the surface of auditory canal is ______.
    Solution
    Cerumen is also called ear wax. It has lubricating and antibacterial properties. It is produced in the outer part of the auditory canal and coats its surface. The old ear wax is moved through the ear canal to the outside during movements such as chewing and other jaw movements. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
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