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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 35

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 35
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  • Question 1
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    Which part of the cell acts as a site for synthesis of proteins?
    Solution
    Golgi apparatus has the main function of modifying, sorting and packaging the proteins, which are synthesized by cells. Golgi bodies are also involved in the transport of lipid molecules across the cell. Golgi bodies also create lysosomes.  
    Mitochondria produce the energy currency, i.e., ATPs of the cell. Mitochondria take nutrients and convert them into energy molecules. This process is known as 'oxidative phosphorylation'.  
    Plastids are present in plant cells that synthesize and store important chemical compounds used by the cell. There are many types of plastids as chloroplast, chromoplast, and leucoplasts. Chloroplast carries out photosynthesis and produce food. 
    Ribosomes are cell organelles, which are present in free or in bound form. They are involved in protein synthesis. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Golgi body originates from which of the following?
    Solution
    Golgi body originates from the endoplasmic reticulum. The layer of the flattened sac is produced by the endoplasmic reticulum. Endoplasmic reticulum bud off the vesicular cluster which later forms the series of counterparts of the golgi apparatus.
  • Question 3
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    ................ is a main source of cellular membranes.
    Solution
    The main source of cellular membranes is the endoplasmic reticulum. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is located towards the cell membrane produces and transports lipid molecule and the cell membrane is made up of phospholipid bilayer structure. Thus E.R. provides a backbone to the cell membrane.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Mitochondria are related with the oxidation of
    Solution
    Mitochondria are eukaryotic cell organelles. Mitochondria synthesize ATP through the process of aerobic respiration. Hence, mitochondria are called powerhouse of the cell. Carbohydrates are the most common fuel used to derive energy in aerobic respiration. When carbohydrates are in short supply, fats and proteins can also be used in aerobic respiration as reduced substrates. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The prokaryotic genetic system contains
    Solution
    Prokaryotic DNA is contained in a long loop called as a nucleoid and features DNA binding proteins but no histones because it does not have to coil as tightly as eukaryotic DNA to fit into a fixed nuclear envelope. On the other hand, eukaryotic DNA has histones to which the DNA wrap around to coil tightly into a chromosome.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Maximum number of respiratory enzymes are found in which of the following?
    Solution
    Mitochondria is the respiratory centre of the cell. It is a double membrane bound semi-autonomous organelle. It has a primary function of generation of ATP in the cell. It's therefore also referred to as the powerhouse of the cell. The important component of respiration takes place in mitochondria are the electron transport chain, Kreb's cycle proceeded by the involvement of different enzymes.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Mitochondria is present in which of the following organism?
    Solution
    Mitochondria is involved in aerobic respiration. It generates ATP by utilizing the protein complexes present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The two major process like TCA cycle and electron transport system majorly take place in mitochondria. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
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    Lysosomes are not helpful in which of the following?
    Solution
    Lysosomes are single membrane bound vesicles filled with hydrolytic enzymes. Lysosomes are most abundant in phagocytic cells like WBS, chondroclasts (which digest cartilage), osteoclasts (which digest bones). Their presence in chondroclasts cells helps in replacement of cartilage with bone during osteogenesis. The hydrolytic enzymes of lysosomes take part in solubilisation or digestion of materials obtained from outside through pinocytosis or phagocytosis. Lysosomes are useful in metamorphosis in eating away larval organs, removal of obstructions, intracellular scavenging, fertilization etc. They do not perform any biosynthetic activity, hence, are not useful in lipogenesis. Lipids are synthesized in smooth endoplasmic reticulum and spherosomes.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    .................. cell organelle synthesizes steroids.
    Solution
    The endoplasmic reticulum is the double membrane bound organelle. It is or two types on the basis of the presence of ribosomes. Endoplasmic reticulum which lacks ribosomes is called smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). The SER occurs in cells engaged in producing a lot of lipids. SER takes part in the synthesis of vitamins, carbohydrates, and detoxification. SER is also involved in a number of other reactions like the synthesis of bile, precursors of steroid hormones from cholesterol. Endoplasmic reticulum which possesses ribosome called as rough endoplasmic reticulum which involved in the formation and transportation of proteins.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    System of membrane is also known as
    Solution
    Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a system of membrane-lined channels found in all eukaryotic cells except mature erythrocytes. It constitutes more than 30 to 60 percent of total cell membranes. It provides protein and lipid to form the structure of cell membrane.
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