Cell The Unit of Life Test

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 89

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The disulphide bonds acting as polypeptide staples are formed in

A
Lysosomes

B
Endoplasmic reticulum

C
Cytosol

D
Golgi complex

Solution

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in correct and functional folding of newly formed protein molecules. Wherever the functional folding is to be carried out the ER brings together those two amino acids in a chain and then disulfide bond is formed.
Question 2
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Find out the incorrect statements from the following.

A
Enzymes packed in lysosomes are made through rough chloroplast.

B
Rough ER and smooth ER produce proteins and lipids respectively.

C
Lysosome is related with the destruction of products which enters through plasma membrane.

D
Nucleic acids is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus.

Solution

A_ The enzymes packed in lysosomes are made through RER ( rough endoplasmic reticulum).
Question 3
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Select the one wrongly paired from the following.

A
Ribosome- Single membrane bound organelle

B
Mitochondrion- 'Power house' of the cell

C
Lysosome- 'Suicidal bag' of the cell

D
Chromatin reticulum- Genetic material DNA

Solution

Ribosomes are unique structures that translate the DNA code via messenger RNA (mRNA) into actual proteins that cells use for processes. Ribosomes are different from other organelles because they have no membrane around them that separates them from other organelles.
Question 4
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Alcohol consumption adversely affects the digestion of proteins within liver cells, which can eventually lead to liver damage. Given this information, which organelle in liver cells is most directly affected?

A
Nucleus

B
Golgi Apparatus

C
Rough ER

D
Lysosome

Solution

The lysosomes are the cellular organelles containing the hydrolytic enzymes which help in the metabolism of the complex and toxic compounds. The alcohol which is consumed is degraded and digested by the lysosomes which decrease the rate of digestion of the other complexes like the proteins. This decreased lysosomal activity leads to liver damage. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
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Mitochondria was first observed in

A
Muscle cell

B
Plant cell

C
Bacteria

D
Fungi
Solution
Correct option: (A)

Explanation for correct option: (A)
- Mitochondria was first discovered by Albert von Kolliker in the striated voluntary muscles of insects in 1857.
- He called them as granule.
- They were termed as mitochondria in 1898 by Carl Benda.
Question 6
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Organelle connected with glycosylation of proteins is

A
Ribosome

B
ER

C
Mitochondrion

D
Chloroplast

Solution

Glycosylation is the attachment of sugar moieties to proteins by glycosidic linkage and occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
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Starch grain in potato tuber is located in

A
Mitochondria

B
Chloroplast

C
Leucoplast

D
Ribosomes

Solution

There are three types of plastids chloroplast, chromoplast, and leucoplasts. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments which are responsible for trapping light energy essential for photosynthesis. In the chromoplasts, fat-soluble carotenoid pigments like carotene, xanthophylls and others are present. This gives the part of the plant a yellow, orange or red colour. The leucoplasts are the colourless plastids of varied shapes and sizes with stored nutrients. Amyloplasts is a type of leucoplast which stores carbohydrates (starch), e.g., potato, elaioplasts store oils and fats whereas the aleuroplasts of leucoplast store proteins.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
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Match the contents of column I and column II and select the correct option given below.

Column I Column II
A. Nucleus i Tonoplast
B. Vacuole ii Cristae
C. Golgi complex iii Double membrane
D. Mitochondria iv Cisternae

A
A- (iii), B- (i), C- (ii), D- (iv)

B
A- (iii), B- (i), C- (iv), D- (ii)

C
A- (i), B- (iii), C- (ii), D- (iv)

D
A- (i), B- (ii), C- (iv), D- (iii)

Solution

B. A- (iii), B- (i), C- (iv), D- (ii)
EXPLANATION: Nucleus is protected by the nuclear membrane, which encloses all the nuclear genetic material and all the other components of the nucleus. Tonoplast is a membrane, which bounds the chief vacuole of a plant cell. A cisternae is a flattened membrane vesicle of the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus.The inner membrane of mitochondria is folded into cristae.
Question 9
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Which of the following differentiates the cell membranes of eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

A
Prokaryotic cell membranes are thinner and contain more proteins.

B
Eukaryotic cell membranes contain more proteins and larger phospholipids.

C
Gases and water pass through a prokaryotic cell membrane at greater rates than through those of eukaryotes.

D
Many functions that are compartmentalized within organelles of eukaryotes are associated with the cell membranes of prokaryotes.

E
There are no significant differences in the structure or function of the cell membranes.

Solution

The lipid composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic membranes differs considerably. Prokaryotic membranes have negatively charged lipids namely phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine while the eukaryotic membranes are rich in neutral sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine. This different structural part imparts different functions to these membranes. Eukaryotic cells have different subcellular compartments to carry out various activities which are confined to cell membranes of prokaryotes as they lack membrane-bound compartments. So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, but they are present in mitochondria and plastids, the sites of respiration and photosynthesis. What is the role of ribosomes in these cell organelles?

A
Ribosomes transport ATP formed in respiration and photosynthesis to cytoplasm through endoplasmic reticulum

B
Sub units of some required proteins are synthesized in these organelles

C
Ribosomes transport RNA and DNA to cytoplasm

D
All the above are correct

Solution

Ribosomes provide the site where synthesis of polypeptides by polymerization of amino acids takes place using the mRNA triplets as template. Since, mitochondria and plastids are semi autonomous organelles, they carry single stranded DNA molecule and synthesize some of their RNAs and proteins by themselves. Ribosomes present in these organelles serve as site for protein synthesis only .
Ribosomes do not serve in ATP transport.
DNA is presence either in nucleus or in semiautonomous organelles (mitochondria and plastids) it is never transported to cytoplasm.
So, the correct answer is option B.

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	Column I		Column II
A.	Nucleus	i	Tonoplast
B.	Vacuole	ii	Cristae
C.	Golgi complex	iii	Double membrane
D.	Mitochondria	iv	Cisternae

Cell The Unit of Life Test - 89

Result

Cell The Unit of Life Test - 89

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Lysosomes

Endoplasmic reticulum

Cytosol

Golgi complex

Solution

Question 2

Enzymes packed in lysosomes are made through rough chloroplast.

Rough ER and smooth ER produce proteins and lipids respectively.

Lysosome is related with the destruction of products which enters through plasma membrane.

Nucleic acids is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus.

Solution

Question 3

Ribosome- Single membrane bound organelle

Mitochondrion- 'Power house' of the cell

Lysosome- 'Suicidal bag' of the cell

Chromatin reticulum- Genetic material DNA

Solution

Question 4

Nucleus

Golgi Apparatus

Rough ER

Lysosome

Solution

Question 5

Muscle cell

Plant cell

Bacteria

Fungi

Solution

Question 6

Ribosome

ER

Mitochondrion

Chloroplast

Solution

Question 7

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

Leucoplast

Ribosomes

Solution

Question 8

A- (iii), B- (i), C- (ii), D- (iv)

A- (iii), B- (i), C- (iv), D- (ii)

A- (i), B- (iii), C- (ii), D- (iv)

A- (i), B- (ii), C- (iv), D- (iii)

Solution

Question 9

Prokaryotic cell membranes are thinner and contain more proteins.

Eukaryotic cell membranes contain more proteins and larger phospholipids.

Gases and water pass through a prokaryotic cell membrane at greater rates than through those of eukaryotes.

Many functions that are compartmentalized within organelles of eukaryotes are associated with the cell membranes of prokaryotes.

There are no significant differences in the structure or function of the cell membranes.

Solution

Question 10

Ribosomes transport ATP formed in respiration and photosynthesis to cytoplasm through endoplasmic reticulum

Sub units of some required proteins are synthesized in these organelles

Ribosomes transport RNA and DNA to cytoplasm

All the above are correct

Solution

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