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Biomolecules Test - 24

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Biomolecules Test - 24
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Most abundant component of cell is
    Solution
    Water present in the human body supports the metabolic reactions in the body. The enzymes which act as a catalyst in these biological reaction acts efficiently in presence of water. The salts like sodium and potassium which dissolves in the water act as a transporter. These helps in the transmission of the nerve impulse. It helps to maintain a constant temperature inside the body.
    Protein and lipids are the important component of cell membrane.
    Cellulose is the important component of cell wall.
    The cell consist of 62 percent water, 16 percent fat, 16 percent protein, 6 percent minerals, and less than 1 percent carbohydrate. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    In vitro synthesis of DNA was carried out by
    Solution
    In vitro synthesis of DNA was achieved with the enzyme DNA polymerase which was isolated from lysates of E. coli by Arthur Kornberg in 1956. This enzyme synthesizes the segments of DNA complimentary to the parent strand. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    DNA and RNA/nucleic acids show similarity in having
    Solution
    DNA and RNA are  chain of polynucleotide which are joined by the phosphodiester bonds. DNA resembles RNA as both has polynucleotide chain. The two nucleotide is linked by phosphodiester bond. It is formed by the linkage between the 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5' carbon atom of another. Two hydroxyl (OH) groups on the phosphate molecule bind to the 3’ and 5’ carbons on two independent pentose sugars to form a bond.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    IUBMB has divided enzymes into classes
    Solution
    The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) divided enzymes into 6 classes. 
    1) Oxidoreductases
    2)Transferase
    3)Hydrolases
    4)Lyases
    5)Isomerases
    6)Ligases
    Thus, the answer is C.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Chitin is strengthened by
    Solution
    Chitin is a polysaccharide. It is an important composition of cell wall of fungi. It is the main constituent of exoskeleton of the arthropods. It is a long chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. It is a modified form of glucose. The bond formed between the glucose molecule is known as glycosidic linkage. Chitin is strengthened by calcium carbonate as it gets deposited between the chitin and protein by biomineralization.
    So, the correct answer is option C.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The fastest enzyme is
    Solution
    About 7% of carbon dioxide is transported, dissolved in plasma and rest by RBC and 70% in the form of bicarbonates in plasma. It is more soluble in blood than oxygen. It combines with haemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin which dissociate to release carbon dioxide when it reaches the lungs. Carbon dioxide combines with water and forms carbonic acid in presence of carbonic anhydrase in RBC. Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the removal of a water molecule from a compound. The carbonic acid dissociates to form bicarbonate ions which are exchanged with chloride ions in the plasma.
    So, the correct answer is option C.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Nitrogen is an important component of
    Solution
    Proteins are building blocks of the body. The proteins are made up of amino acids. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a protein. The amino acids consist of amine group made up of nitrogen and hydrogen and the carboxyl group at the end and a side chain of R group which is specific to a particular amino acid. Proteins mainly contain hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    No cell can live without
    Solution
    All the living cells require energy to remain alive. The energy production mainly takes by the process of glycolysis and electron transport chain. These metabolic process which takes place inside the cell requires active enzyme which catalyzes the reaction. Enzymes accelerate the rate of the reaction. The enzymes lower the activation energy and lead to the faster conversion of substrate to the product. The energy is stored in form of ATP which further breaks into ADP and inorganic phosphate to provide instant energy.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Casein contained in milk is
    Solution
    Casein is a milk protein. 82% of the milk protein is casein and rest 12 % is whey protein. It is acted upon by the renin enzyme and gets converted into paracasein by the process of coagulation. It contains a high number of proline residues. The isoelectric point of casein is 4.6. It is insoluble in water and provides two essential elements like calcium and phosphorous. 
    So, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Silk is formed of
    Solution
    Silk fibers are composed of fibroin. It is an insoluble protein. Sericin and fibroin are two main proteins present in the raw material of silk. It has an amino acid sequence of (Gly-Ser-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala)n. It is secreted by caterpillar larva of silkworm but is obtained from the cocoon. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
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