Environmental Chemistry Test

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 20

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Acid rain is caused by or recent reports of acid rain in some industrial cities are due to the effect of atmospheric pollution by

A
Excessive release of $$CO_2$$ by burning of fuels like wood and charcoal, cutting of forests and increased animal population

B
Excessive release of $$NO_2$$ and $$SO_2$$ in the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuel

C
Excessive release of $$NH_3$$ by industrial plants and coal gas

D
Excessive release of CO in the atmosphere by incomplete combustion of coke, charcoal and other carbonaceous fuel in the of oxygen

Solution

When $$SO_2$$ pollution in the air is much higher. Sometimes, $$SO_2$$ mixes in the air with small particles of metals near the factories and gets oxidised into sulphur trioxide $$SO_3$$. These gases are harmful and they react with water to form sulphuric acid ($$H_2$$$$SO_4$$) or sulphurous acid ($$H_2$$$$SO_3$$) and come down to earth with rainwater; it is called acid rain or acid precipitation.
Question 2
1 / -0

Assertion : Pyrethrum is collected from the leaves of Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium.
Reason :Pyrethrin is prepared from pyrethrum.

A
If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

B
If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

C
If the assertion is true but the reason is false

D
If both the assertion and reason are false

E
If the assertion is false but reason is true

Solution

Pyrethrum is an insecticide which is obtained from the inflorescence of Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium, C. coccineum and C.marshallii. The active compounds are pyrethrin and cinerin. Pyrethrin is also used in fly sprays, aerosols, mosquito coils etc.
So, the correct answer is 'If the assertion is false but reason is true'
Question 3
1 / -0

The concentration of pesticide required to destroy 50% of pest is called

A
LD 50

B
LC 50

C
LB 50

D
LE 50

Solution

LD (lethal dose) 50 is a standard measurement of acute toxicity. It is stated in milligrams (mg) of pesticide per kilogram (kg) of body weight. LD 50 represents the individual dose required to kill 50% of a population of test animals (e.g., rats, fish, mice, cockroaches).
So, the correct answer is 'LD 50'
Question 4
1 / -0

The oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, when mixed with water in the air, are the chief components of acid rain.

A
True

B
False

C
Either

D
Neither

Solution

When the pH of rain is below 5.2, it is called acid rain. It occurs when oxides of nitrogen and sulfur react with water in the atmosphere and form nitric acid and sulfuric acid respectively. These acids then come down along with rain and make it acidic. The reactions of formation of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in the atmosphere are as follows:
SO₂ + O₂ ---> SO₃
SO₃ + H₂O ---> H₂SO₄
NO + [O] ---> N₂O₅
N₂O₅ + H20 ---> HNO₃
Hence, the statement given in the question is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'True'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Acid rain is due to

A
combustion to fossil fuels

B
oxides of sulphur and nitrogen

C
oil slick

D
nuclear wastes

Solution

Acid rain has a pH of less than 5.2. When the pollutants, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen emitted in the atmosphere react with water, they form sulphuric acid and nitric acid respectively which come down on earth along with the rain. Due to this, the rain becomes acidic. The reactions of the formation of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in the atmosphere are as follows:
SO₂ + O₂ ---> SO₃
SO₃ + H₂O ---> H₂SO₄
NO + [O] ---> N₂O₅
N₂O₅ + H20 ---> HNO₃
So, the correct answer is 'Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Abhi labelled four pots as P, Q, R and S. He placed vegetable peels and fruits in pot P, broken glasses in pot Q, plastic bags in pot R and plastic toys in pot S. He then covered all the pots with soil and left them for two weeks. The contents of which pot will be decomposed by microbes present in soil?

A
P only

B
Q only

C
R only

D
S only
Question 7
1 / -0

Acid rain happens because:

A
sun leads to heating of upper layer of atmosphere

B
the burning of fossil fuels release oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur in the atmosphere

C
electrical charges are produced due to friction amongst clouds

D
earth atmosphere contains acids

Solution

Acid rain is caused by emissions of acidic gases like sulphur dioxide, nitrogen and carbon oxides, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.
Question 8
1 / -0

Cloth or paper bags are encouraged for use by us. Which of the following is a reason for imposing ban on plastic bags?

A
They are degradable.

B
They are of non- biodegradable nature.

C
They are the cause for pollution when burnt.

D
Both B and C
Solution
- The government of India decided to impose a ban on the use of polythene bags or plastic because:-
(i) They burn slowly and release poisonous fumes into the environment, hence cause air pollution.
(ii) They are non-biodegradable, that means can't be broken into the simpler substance by decomposing action of microorganisms.

So the correct answer is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

What are the by-products of fertiliser industries, which affect the environment?

A
SO$$_2$$ and NO, they cause extensive air pollution and are responsible for acid rain.

B
SO$$_2$$ and NO, they cause cerebral stroke.

C
CO$$_2$$ and NO, they cause cerebral stroke.

D
CO$$_2$$ and NO$$_2$$, they cause heart attack.

Solution

The by -product of fertiliser industries are oxides of nitrogen and sulphur which have corrosive effect. They give rise to acid rain. Acid rain is highly desctructive to environment.
Question 10
1 / -0

What does Green Chemistry in terms of environment mean?

A
Greenhouse effect

B
Reaction related to depletion of ozone layer

C
Photosynthetic reactions in plants

D
Reduction in the use and production of hazardous chemicals

Solution

Green chemistry is also known as environmentally sustainable chemistry.

Perhaps, the most widely accepted definition of green chemistry is the one offered by chemists Paul Anastas and John Warner, who defined green chemistry as the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.

Hence, option D is correct.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Environmental Chemistry Test - 20

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 20

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Excessive release of $$CO_2$$ by burning of fuels like wood and charcoal, cutting of forests and increased animal population

Excessive release of $$NO_2$$ and $$SO_2$$ in the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuel

Excessive release of $$NH_3$$ by industrial plants and coal gas

Excessive release of CO in the atmosphere by incomplete combustion of coke, charcoal and other carbonaceous fuel in the of oxygen

Solution

Question 2

If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

If the assertion is true but the reason is false

If both the assertion and reason are false

If the assertion is false but reason is true

Solution

Question 3

LD 50

LC 50

LB 50

LE 50

Solution

Question 4

True

False

Either

Neither

Solution

Question 5

combustion to fossil fuels

oxides of sulphur and nitrogen

oil slick

nuclear wastes

Solution

Question 6

P only

Q only

R only

S only

Question 7

sun leads to heating of upper layer of atmosphere

the burning of fossil fuels release oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur in the atmosphere

electrical charges are produced due to friction amongst clouds

earth atmosphere contains acids

Solution

Question 8

They are degradable.

They are of non- biodegradable nature.

They are the cause for pollution when burnt.

Both B and C

Solution

Question 9

SO$$_2$$ and NO, they cause extensive air pollution and are responsible for acid rain.

SO$$_2$$ and NO, they cause cerebral stroke.

CO$$_2$$ and NO, they cause cerebral stroke.

CO$$_2$$ and NO$$_2$$, they cause heart attack.

Solution

Question 10

Greenhouse effect

Reaction related to depletion of ozone layer

Photosynthetic reactions in plants

Reduction in the use and production of hazardous chemicals

Solution

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