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Environmental Chemistry Test - 23

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 23
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    DDT is a
    Solution
    DDT (dichloro diphenyl trichloro ethane) is a colorless, crystalline, tasteless and almost odorless organochloride known for its insecticidal properties. DDT has been formulated in almost every conceivable form, including solutions in xylene or petroleum distillates, emulsifiable concentrates, water-wettable powders, granules, aerosols, smoke candles and charges for vaporizers and lotions. Thus, option A is correct.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statement is incorrect about DDT?
    Solution
    DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is a colourless, crystalline, tasteless and almost odourless organochloride known for its insecticidal properties. It is a non-biodegradable, water-insoluble, chlorinated hydrocarbon once used worldwide as a major insecticide, especially in agriculture. In recent years, knowledge of its adverse impact on the environment has led to restrictions in its use. It is lipophilic, so, undergo bioconcentration when it enters into food chain. Milk is a carrier of DDT cause, DDT enters into food chain. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is an effect of herbicide?
    Solution
    Herbicides, also commonly known as weed killers, are pesticides used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed. Some of these act by interfering with the growth of the weed and are often synthetic mimics of natural plant hormones. Herbicides interfere with photolysis of water, inhibits O$$_{2}$$ evolution and also inhibits translocation of organic solutes. Thus, option D is correct.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The worst enemy of ozone is
    Solution
    The ozone hole is thinning of an ozone layer which is present in the stratosphere region around 26-30kms above the Earth surface. The ozone hole is caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) found in air conditioners, aerosol spray cans, refrigerants etc. CFCs can not be removed in troposphere and moves in Stratosphere layer where it reacts with ozone, thereby releasing of free chlorine atoms and causes the ozone layer to deplete. It serves as a shield from the harmful ultraviolet B radiation emitted by the sun. Ozone hole becomes a cause of concern as it allows UV radiations to reach the earth surface which causes major problems like Skin cancer, reduction in the rate of photosynthesis. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The first inorganic pesticide to be used commercially was
    Solution
    Bordeaux mixture (also called Bordo Mix) is a mixture of copper(II) sulfate (CuSO$$_{4}$$) and slaked lime (Ca(OH)$$_{2}$$) used as a fungicide. It is used in vineyards, fruit-farms and gardens to prevent infestations of downy mildew, powdery mildew and other fungi. It is sprayed on plants as a preventative; its mode of action is ineffective after a fungus has become established. It was invented in the Bordeaux region of France in the late 19th century. If it is applied in large quantities annually for many years, the copper in the mixture eventually becomes a pollutant. So, it is the first inorganic pesticide to be used commercially compared to Burgandy mixture, DDT and 2,4-D. Thus, option A is correct.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    "Sporeine" is used to control
    Solution
    Sporeine is the trade name given to the commercial product made from Bt. The active ingredient in Bt is a toxic protein that actually binds to specific sites on the midgut. It is mainly used as an insecticide in agriculture. The earliest commercial production of Bt began in France in approximately 1938, under the trade name Sporeine. Thus, option D is correct.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Ozone-layer is getting depleted because of
    Solution

     Solution

    Correct answer is option C.

    Explanation for correct option:

    • The ozone layer, also called the stratosphere, is composed of the ozone gas (90% of the total ozone in the atmosphere).
    • The main cause of ozone depletion and the ozone hole is manufactured chemicals, especially manufactured halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and foam- blowing agents (chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HCFCs, halons).

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Low visibility during cold weather is due to ____________.
    Solution
    During winter, the water droplets condense in the air and lower visibility by forming fog. The dust particles also stick around the droplets thus lowering the visibility further. This phenomenon results in the formation of smog (smoke + fog) which lowers the visibility during cold weather seasons. Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Ozone layer is present in the:
    Solution
    The ozone layer is present in the Stratosphere. Ozone is formed when sunlight breaks down the molecule oxygen $$(O_2)$$ in the stratosphere into oxygen atoms $$(O)$$. The highly reactive oxygen atoms react with more molecular oxygen to form $$(O_3)$$.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Acid rain is caused by:
    Solution

    Correct Answer: Option D

    Explanation: 

    Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxides and nitrogen dioxide are released into the atmosphere. They rise high in the atmosphere and react with water to form pollutants and give acid rain.

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