Collection of Data Test - 22

A person who plan and conduct an interview independently or with the help of others is called investigator. He designs, plans, and carries out research studies or investigations. They may be responsible for formulating research questions, selecting appropriate methods for data collection (such as interviews), collecting data either independently or with a team, analyzing the data, and interpreting the results. In the context of conducting interviews, an investigator would be the person leading or overseeing the interview process.

Secondary data refers to data that have been collected by someone else for a purpose other than the current research project. Government publications, such as reports, statistical yearbooks, and datasets, often contain valuable secondary data collected by government agencies for various purposes, such as census data, economic indicators, demographic information, etc. Researchers frequently utilize government publications as a source of secondary data for their studies.

Non-random sampling methods involve selecting sample elements based on criteria other than chance. Unlike random sampling, where every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, non-random sampling methods may involve purposive selection, convenience sampling, quota sampling, or judgment sampling, among others. These methods are often used when it's impractical or impossible to achieve randomness, but they may introduce bias and limit the generalizability of the results. 

Sampling method is typically less expensive compared to conducting a census. In a census, every individual or unit in the population is included, which can require significant resources in terms of manpower, materials, and time to ensure complete coverage. On the other hand, sampling involves selecting a subset of the population, which can reduce costs associated with data collection, processing, and analysis. 

No response error occurs when the interviewer is unable to contact or receive a response from the selected interviewee. This can lead to missing data or incomplete responses, potentially introducing bias into the results if the non-respondents differ systematically from those who do respond. 

The unbiased or compensatory error is the error that arises accidentally in the normal course of research. Unbiased or compensatory errors are unintentional mistakes or inaccuracies that occur during the research process due to factors such as random variation, measurement error, or limitations in data collection methods. These errors are not deliberately introduced and are inherent to the research process. 

Sample survey methods are generally less time-consuming than census survey methods because they involve collecting data from a representative subset or sample of the population rather than attempting to collect data from every individual or unit in the entire population. This targeted approach allows for more efficient data collection, reducing the time and resources required compared to conducting a census survey.

If an investigator is not able to approach a person listed in the sample or a person from the sample refuse to respond is called non-response error. Non-response error can introduce bias into the results of a survey if the non-respondents differ systematically from those who do respond, potentially skewing the findings and impacting the representativeness of the sample.

The method of collection of the data of the population of a country is an example of census method. It involves collecting data from every individual or unit in the population, leaving no element unaccounted for. This contrasts with sampling methods, where only a subset of the population is studied to make inferences about the whole population. 

The Sugar Mills Association publishing information regarding sugar mills in India falls under the category of data sourced from publications by trade or business associations. These associations often compile and publish data relevant to their industry or sector, providing valuable insights and information for researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders.