Reproduction in Organisms Test - 14

Complex multicellular organisms have division of labour and tissues are specialized to perform specific function. In regeneration, new individual regains the lost body parts but higher organism cells are not capable to produce all kind of cells.

Tissue culture is mode of vitro propagation of large number of plantlets in short interval of time. During tissue culture, plants parts are kept in nutrient medium along with required hormones. Some variation arises in plants body although having same genetic traits.

Both vegetative propagation and apomixes are types of asexually reproduction involving not fusion of gametes. So, new progeny produced are identical to parents.

Water hyacinth develops offset for vegetative propagation. Its forms large number of branches in very short interval of time to cover the whole water bodies and depriving other aquatic organisms from oxygen dissolved in water.

Potato tubers have eyes, ginger propagates through underground rhizome, Bryophyllum leaves have buds and water hyacinth propagates by offset stem. All these structures are mode of asexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction is common in Protists and Monera. Both these kinds include organisms having single celled body. Binary and multiple fissions are generally followed for asexual mode of reproduction.

Gemmules are asexual reproductive structure produced by sponges. Chlamydomonas produce zoospores, hydra produce buds and Penicillium produces conidia.

In grafting, scion forms the upper shoot system and stock forms the lower root system. Grafting is an artificial mode of vegetative propagation in which two plants are cut and same height and joined together.

The wrong pair of vegetative propoagules is rhizome-potato. Potato is grown vegetatively by eyes present on underground modified tubers. Vegetative propagation is a mode of asexual reproduction.

In asexual reproduction, fusion of gametes do not takes place and asexual reproduction occurs in favorable conditions. As fusion of gametes do not takes place, all the individuals are genetically identical to each other.