Microbes in Human Welfare Test

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 12

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

During sewage treatment, gases produced include

A
Methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

B
Methane, oxygene and hydrogensulphide.

C
Hydrogensulphide, methane and sulphur dioxide.

D
Hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen and methane.

Solution

Biogas contains a mixture of different gases which are produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas is composed of methane (CH$$_4$$) and carbon dioxide (CO$$_{2}$$) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H$$_{2}$$S), hydrogen (H$$_2$$), moisture and siloxanes.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following can be used as a biocontrol agent in the treatment of plant disease?

A
Trichoderma

B
Chlorella

C
Anabaena

D
Lactobacillus

Solution

Trichoderma sps are fungi belonging to class Ascomycetes. These fungi are regular components of the soil. They prevent/protect the roots of the plant from pathogenic infection
So, the correct answer is 'Trichoderma'
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following in sewage treatment removes suspended solids?

A
Primary treatment

B
Tertiary treatment

C
Secondary treatment

D
Sludge treatment
Solution
- Sludge is the semisolid material present in contaminated water. It is separated and is decomposed into simpler organic material which can be used to produce compost and help to increase the fertility of the soil.
- It is removed in the primary or physical treatment through filtration and sedimentation process.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

A good producer of citric acid is

A
Aspergillus

B
Pseudomonas

C
Clostridium

D
Saccharomyces

Solution

Aspergillus is a genus of mold. The largest application of Aspergillus niger is as the major source of citric acid. This organism accounts for over 99% of global citric acid production. The bacteria is useful for the commercial production of citric acid.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

What is true about Bt toxin?

A
The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.

B
The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.

C
Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus.

D
The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.

Solution

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive bacterium that produces crystals during sporulation. These crystals comprise of one or a small number of ~130 kDa protoxins called as crystal proteins and exists as inactive protoxin in the Bacillus. These proteins are potent and highly specific insecticides. When susceptible species ingest the crystals, ingested crystals dissolve in the alkaline conditions of the gut and the protoxins are activated by gut proteases. These active toxins then bind to receptors on midgut epithelial cells and are inserted into the plasma membrane. They cause pore formation that lead to cell death (and eventual insect death) through osmotic lysis. Correct option is B.

Question 6

1 / -0

Match the following list of microbes and their importance.

	List I		List 2
A	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	1	Production of immunosuppressive agents
B	Monascus purpureus	2	Ripening of Swiss cheese
C	Trichoderma	3	Commercial production of ethanol
D	Propionibacterium sharmanii	4	Production of blood cholesterol lowering agents

A - iii, B - i, C - iv, D - ii

A - iii, B - iv, C - i, D - ii

A - iv, B - iii, C - ii, D - i

A - iv, B - ii, C - i, D - iii

Solution

The source of ethanol for industrial use was from the fermentation of sugars by yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
Statins are blood cholesterol-lowering agents extracted from rice that's been fermented with a type of yeast called Monascus purpureus. Red yeast rice is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to lower cholesterol.
Trichoderma is used as an immunosuppressant prescribed in organ transplants to prevent rejection.
There are three primary types of bacteria that are used to make Swiss cheese: Streptococcus thermophilus; Lactobacillus helveticus; and Propionibacterium shermanii. It is this Propionibacterium shermanii that is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Question 7
1 / -0

Select the correct group of biocontrol agents.

A
Bacillus thuringiensis, Tobacco mosaic virus, Aphids

B
Trichoderma, Baculovirus, Bacillus thuringiensis

C
Oscillatoria, Rhizobium, Trichoderma

D
Nostoc, Azospirillium, Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Solution

Fungus Trichoderma, Baculoviruses(NPV) and Bacillus thuringiensis are used as biocontrol agents.
Rhizobium, Nostoc, Azospirillum and Oscillatoria are used as biofertilizers, whereas TMV is a pathogen and aphids are pests that harm crop plants.
So, the correct answer is 'Trichoderma, Baculovirus, Bacillus thuringiensis'
Question 8
1 / -0

The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the dung of ruminant animals, include the

A
Halophiles

B
Thermoacidophiles

C
Methanogens

D
Eubacteria

Solution

Methanogens are present in the gut of several ruminant animals such as cows and buffaloes and they are responsible for the production of methane (biogas) from the dung of these animals.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which one of the following is a wrong matching of a microbe and its industrial product, while the remaining three are correct?

A
Monascus purpureus - Statins

B
Acetobacter aceti - Acetic acid

C
Clostridium butylicum - Lactic acid

D
Aspergillus niger - Citric acid
Solution
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Lactic acid is an organic compound produced via fermentation by different microorganisms that are able to use different carbohydrate sources.
Lactic acid bacteria are the main bacteria used to produce lactic acid.
Whereas Clostridium butyricum produces butyric acid.
Question 10
1 / -0

Match the following columns and select the correct option.
Column-I Column-II
(a) Clostridium butylicum (i) Cyclosporin-A
(b) Trichoderma polysporum (ii) Butyric Acid
(c) Monascus purpureus (iii) Citric Acid
(d) Aspergillus niger (iv) Blood cholesterol-lowering agent

A
(a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)

B
(a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)

C
(a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

D
(a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

Solution

a) Clostridium butylicum - ii) Butyric acid
b) Trichoderma polysporum - i) Cyclosporin -A
C) Monascus purpureus - iv) blood cholesterol lowering agent
d) Aspergillus niger - iii) Citric acid
So, the correct answer is '(a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)'

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	Column-I		Column-II
(a)	Clostridium butylicum	(i)	Cyclosporin-A
(b)	Trichoderma polysporum	(ii)	Butyric Acid
(c)	Monascus purpureus	(iii)	Citric Acid
(d)	Aspergillus niger	(iv)	Blood cholesterol-lowering agent

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 12

Result

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 12

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Methane, oxygene and hydrogensulphide.

Hydrogensulphide, methane and sulphur dioxide.

Hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen and methane.

Solution

Question 2

Trichoderma

Chlorella

Anabaena

Lactobacillus

Solution

Question 3

Primary treatment

Tertiary treatment

Secondary treatment

Sludge treatment

Solution

Question 4

Aspergillus

Pseudomonas

Clostridium

Saccharomyces

Solution

Question 5

The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.

The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.

Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus.

The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.

Solution

Question 6

A - iii, B - i, C - iv, D - ii

A - iii, B - iv, C - i, D - ii

A - iv, B - iii, C - ii, D - i

A - iv, B - ii, C - i, D - iii

Solution

Question 7

Bacillus thuringiensis, Tobacco mosaic virus, Aphids

Trichoderma, Baculovirus, Bacillus thuringiensis

Oscillatoria, Rhizobium, Trichoderma

Nostoc, Azospirillium, Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Solution

Question 8

Halophiles

Thermoacidophiles

Methanogens

Eubacteria

Solution

Question 9

Monascus purpureus - Statins

Acetobacter aceti - Acetic acid

Clostridium butylicum - Lactic acid

Aspergillus niger - Citric acid

Solution

Question 10

(a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)

(a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)

(a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

(a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

Solution

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