Microbes in Human Welfare Test

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 35

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which of the following is true with an anaerobic digester?

A
It is a diet drink

B
It consists of microbes that digest wastes

C
It converts agricultural waste into biogas

D
Both B and C

Solution

The anaerobic digestor is the reactor in which the fermentation process is carried out in the absence of oxygen. There are various microbes such as the different species of anaerobic bacteria are involved in this process. The anaerobic digestion or sewage takes place in an anaerobic digestor. The wastes from the plants and animals are introduced in this reactors. The decomposition of this organic matter is carried out by the fermentation performed by bacteria.
Thus, the correct answer is 'It consists of microbes that digest wastes and It converts agricultural waste into biogas'.
Question 2
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Which of the following secretes zymase for fermentation?

A
Yeast

B
lactic acid bactria

C
Acetobacter

D
None of the above

Solution

Yeast cells are the single-celled eukaryotic fungus. This organism is known to perform the anaerobic fermentation reaction. The yeast cells secrete the enzyme zymase. Zymase is an enzyme complex that catalyzes the fermentation of sugar. The sugar is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
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Which one of the following is a major constituent of Biogas?

A
Carbon dioxide

B
Methane

C
Hydrogen

D
Nitrogen dioxide
Solution
- Biogas is a mixture of mostly methane and carbon dioxide with trace amounts of other gases and is considered as a valuable renewable energy source.
- Methane comprises of 45-70% of biogas and thus biogas is inflammable. It produces a deep blue flame and can be used as an energy source.
Question 4
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Rhizobium bacteria is associated with the fixation of

A
Oxygen

B
Carbon dioxide

C
Nitrogen

D
Water vapour

Solution

Rhizobium bacteria is symbiotically associated with roots of leguminous plants and has the capacity to fix atmospheric Nitrogen into absorbable forms like nitrates, nitrites etc. This process is essential as plants cannot directly absorb and utilize atmospheric Nitrogen.
So, the correct answer is 'Nitrogen'
Question 5
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Which of the following is present in activated sludge?

A
Bacteria

B
Yeast

C
Protozoa

D
All of the above
Solution
- The activated sludge consists of microbes that are capable of breaking down the organic mass present in the sewage.
- It contains bacteria, yeast, and protozoa.
- After each process of aerobic degradation, the activated sludge is reused for the next batch of degradation.
- In activated sludge systems the new cells formed in the reaction are removed from the liquid stream in the form of a flocculent sludge in settling tanks.
- A part of this settled biomass, described as activated sludge is returned to the aeration tank, and the remaining forms waste or excess sludge.
Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Question 6
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The magnitude of BOD of wastewater describes ?

A
Bacterial count

B
Amount of organic material

C
Amount of inorganic material

D
All of the above

Solution

BOD or Biochemical oxygen demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen which is required by the aerobic organisms during the decomposition of organic matter. The BOD is measured at a specific temperature and specific period of time. BOD value is represented in the form of oxygen which is consumed per litre of the sample used for testing. The sample is tested before and after 5 days of incubation at 20 °C. The value describes the amount of organic material present in the contaminated or waste water.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
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Which of the following is used in the preparation of soy sauce?

A
Lactic acid bacteria

B
Yeast

C
Aspergillus

D
All of the above

Solution

Lactic acid bacteria is known to perform fermentation reactions. The bacterium ferments the sugars into lactic acid. The yeast cells are used to convert the sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide. This alcohol and acid are allowed to ferment second time with the use of other species of fungus-like the Aspergillus. This leads to the formation of varied different type of soy sauce which have different flavours.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
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Which one of the following microorganism is used as a biofertilizer?

A
Bacillus

B
Azospirillum

C
Pseudomonas

D
Saccharomyces

Solution

Biofertilizers contains living or latent cells of certain strains of organisms that help plants to uptake the nutrients from rhizosphere when applied through seed or soil. Some biofertilizers like Rhizobium, Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria provide nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients to plants by the process of nitrogen fixation and phosphorous solubilization. These biofertilizers could be effectively utilized for various horticulture crops.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
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During biogas production microorganism used to bring about the anaerobic digestion is

A
Pseudomonas

B
Methanobacillus

C
Methanococcus

D
Both B and C

Solution

Biogas is an alternate source of energy produced by anaerobic breakdown or digestion of biomass such as animal excreta and kitchen wastes with the help of methanogenic bacteria like Methanobacterium, methanobacillus, methanococcus, and methanosarcina, etc. Biogas is made up of methane (50-70%), carbon dioxide (30-40%) with traces of nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen. Biogas production is a multistage anaerobic digestion process.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
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During sewage treatment biogas produced includes

A
Methane, Oxygen, Hydrogen sulphide

B
Hydrogen sulphide, Methane, Sulphur oxide

C
Hydrogen sulphide, Nitrogen, Methane

D
Methane, Hydrogen sulphide, Carbon dioxide
Solution
- Biogas is the mixture of gases that is mainly produced by anaerobic digestion of biodegradable waste.
- It usually contains from 45 to 70% methane and from 30 to 45% carbon dioxide. Biogas can also contain nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, halogenated compounds, and organic silicon compounds in traces.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 35

Result

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 35

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

It is a diet drink

It consists of microbes that digest wastes

It converts agricultural waste into biogas

Both B and C

Solution

Question 2

Yeast

lactic acid bactria

Acetobacter

None of the above

Solution

Question 3

Carbon dioxide

Methane

Hydrogen

Nitrogen dioxide

Solution

Question 4

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Water vapour

Solution

Question 5

Bacteria

Yeast

Protozoa

All of the above

Solution

Question 6

Bacterial count

Amount of organic material

Amount of inorganic material

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Lactic acid bacteria

Yeast

Aspergillus

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

Bacillus

Azospirillum

Pseudomonas

Saccharomyces

Solution

Question 9

Pseudomonas

Methanobacillus

Methanococcus

Both B and C

Solution

Question 10

Methane, Oxygen, Hydrogen sulphide

Hydrogen sulphide, Methane, Sulphur oxide

Hydrogen sulphide, Nitrogen, Methane

Methane, Hydrogen sulphide, Carbon dioxide

Solution

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