Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 14

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is

A
Denaturation, Extension, Annealing

B
Extension, Denaturation, Annealing

C
Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

D
Annealing, Extension, Denaturation
Solution
Polymerase chain reaction or PCR consists of the following three steps:
1. Denaturation- The two DNA strands of template DNA separate from each other when heated to 92℃.
2. Annealing- The primers anneal to the 3’ end of single strands of DNA.
3. Extension- The primers are extended by DNA polymerase by the addition of nucleotides to form complete strands of DNA. Hence the sequence of steps is denaturation, annealing, extension.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Following statements describe the characteristics of the enzyme Restriction Endonucleases. Identify the incorrect statement.

A
The enzyme cuts DNA molecule at identified position within the DNA

B
The enzyme binds DNA at specific sites and cuts only one of the two strands

C
The enzyme cuts the sugar-phosphate backbone at specific sites on each strand

D
The enzyme recognizes a specific palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DONATION

Solution

Restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules at a particular point by recognising a specific sequence. Each restriction endonuclease functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence. Once it finds its specific recognition sequence, it will bind to the DNA and cut each of the two strands of the double helix at specific points in their sugar-phosphate backbone.
So, the correct answer is 'The enzyme binds DNA at specific sites and cuts only one of the two strands'
Question 3
1 / -0

Which one of the following equipment's is essentially required for growing microbes on a large scale, for industrial production of enzymes?

A
BOD incubator

B
Sludge digester

C
Industrial oven

D
Bioreactor

Solution

To produce enzyme in large quantity equipment required are bioreactors, that is large scale production involves use of bioreactors.
So, the correct answer is 'Bioreactor'
Question 4
1 / -0

The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed

A
Ori site

B
Palindromic sequence

C
Recognition site

D
Selectable marker

Solution

Ori site or the site of origin controls replication in circular plasmid DNA and hence, the copy number of linked DNA in the vector.
So, the correct answer is 'Ori site'
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following is not correct with respect to restriction enzymes.

A
They cut the strand of DNA at palindromic sites.

B
They are useful in biotechnology.

C
Sticky ends can be joined by using DNA ligases.

D
Each restriction enzyme functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence.

Solution

Restriction endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA.
They function by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence.
Restriction endonuclease binds to the DNA and cuts the two strands of the double helix at specific points in their sugar-phosphate backbones.
They are used in genetic engineering to form recombinant molecules of DNA.
DNA ligases join the DNA fragments.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

What is the source of Eco RI?

A
Escherichia coli RI

B
Escherichia coli RI13

C
Escherichia coli RY13

D
Escherichia coli RX13

Solution

EcoRI is type II restriction endonuclease enzyme extracted from Eco RY13 bacteria. It can recognize and cleave 5'-GAATTC-3' palindromic sequence and is widely used in biotechnology experiments
So, the correct answer is 'Escherichia coli RY13'
Question 7
1 / -0

Electroporation procedure involves

A
Fast passage of food through sieve pores in phloem elements with the help of electric stimulation.

B
Opening of stomatal pores during night by artificial light.

C
Making transient pores in the cell membrane to introduce gene constructs.

D
Purification of saline water with the help of a membrane system.

Solution

Electroporation, or electropermeabilization, is a molecular biology technique in which an electrical field is applied to cells in order to increase the permeability of the cell membrane (electric pulses create transient pores in the cell membrane), allowing chemicals, drugs, or DNA to be introduced into the cell. In molecular biology, the process of electroporation is often used to transform bacteria, yeast, or plant protoplasts by introducing new coding DNA. Electroporation is also highly efficient for the introduction of foreign genes into tissue culture cells.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following options is a correct match of phenomenon and its explanation?

A
Reverse Transcription PCR - Many copies of a DNA sequence.

B
Central dogma - RNA - DNA - Protein - RNA.

C
RNA silencing - Use of ds-RNA to stop the expression of ss-RNA.

D
Transcription - Process of formation of RNA and proteins.

Solution

Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is a variant of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a laboratory technique commonly used in molecular biology to generate many copies of a DNA sequence, a process termed "amplification". In RT-PCR, however, an RNA strand is first reverse transcribed into its DNA complement (complementary DNA, or cDNA) using the enzyme reverse transcriptase, and the resulting cDNA is amplified using traditional PCR or Real Time PCR. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) is not to be confused with Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Q-PCR/qRT-PCR), RNA silencing (also called as post-transcriptional gene silencing PTGS) refers to a family of gene silencing effects by which the expression of one or more genes is down regulated or entirely suppressed by the introduction of an antisense (single stranded) RNA molecule. Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following DNA sequences qualifies to be designated as a palindrome?

A
5'-GACCAG-3' in one strand

B
3'-GACCAG-5' in one strand

C
5'-GACCAG-3' 3'-CTGGTC-5'

D
5'-AGCGCT-3' 3'-TCGCGA-5'

Solution

When reading the DNA strand from 5' (five-prime) to 3' (three prime) on one strand matches the sequence reading 5' to 3' on the complementary strand with which it forms a double helix is same is called as the pallindromic sequence in DNA strand.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which one of the following is correctly matched regarding an institute and its location?

A
National Institute of Virology - Pune

B
National Institute of Communicable Disease - Lucknow

C
Central Drug Research Institute - Kasauli

D
National Institute of Nutrition - Mumbai

Solution

The National Institute of Virology (NIV) is a premier virus research laboratory in India affiliated to the University of Pune.
The National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) is situated in New Delhi.
The Central Drug Research Institute is a multidisciplinary research laboratory in Lucknow, India, employing scientific personnel from various areas of biomedical sciences.
The National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) is an Indian Public health, Biotechnology and Translational research center located in Hyderabad, India.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 14

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 14

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Denaturation, Extension, Annealing

Extension, Denaturation, Annealing

Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

Annealing, Extension, Denaturation

Solution

Question 2

The enzyme cuts DNA molecule at identified position within the DNA

The enzyme binds DNA at specific sites and cuts only one of the two strands

The enzyme cuts the sugar-phosphate backbone at specific sites on each strand

The enzyme recognizes a specific palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DONATION

Solution

Question 3

BOD incubator

Sludge digester

Industrial oven

Bioreactor

Solution

Question 4

Ori site

Palindromic sequence

Recognition site

Selectable marker

Solution

Question 5

They cut the strand of DNA at palindromic sites.

They are useful in biotechnology.

Sticky ends can be joined by using DNA ligases.

Each restriction enzyme functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence.

Solution

Question 6

Escherichia coli RI

Escherichia coli RI13

Escherichia coli RY13

Escherichia coli RX13

Solution

Question 7

Fast passage of food through sieve pores in phloem elements with the help of electric stimulation.

Opening of stomatal pores during night by artificial light.

Making transient pores in the cell membrane to introduce gene constructs.

Purification of saline water with the help of a membrane system.

Solution

Question 8

Reverse Transcription PCR - Many copies of a DNA sequence.

Central dogma - RNA - DNA - Protein - RNA.

RNA silencing - Use of ds-RNA to stop the expression of ss-RNA.

Transcription - Process of formation of RNA and proteins.

Solution

Question 9

5'-GACCAG-3' in one strand

3'-GACCAG-5' in one strand

5'-GACCAG-3' 3'-CTGGTC-5'

5'-AGCGCT-3' 3'-TCGCGA-5'

Solution

Question 10

National Institute of Virology - Pune

National Institute of Communicable Disease - Lucknow

Central Drug Research Institute - Kasauli

National Institute of Nutrition - Mumbai

Solution

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