Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 1

Explanation:

M.S. Swaminathan is known as father of green revolution. Green revolution increased the food production about three times the previous one. Use of hybrid seeds, fertilizers and modern method of agriculture results this achievement.

Explanation:

Golden rice is a form of rice with biosynthesis of beta-carotene (a form of vitamin A). In other words, golden rice is produced through genetic engineering. Beta-carotene gives golden rice its “golden” or “yellow” coloring.

Golden rice is rich in beta-carotene. It is also easily processed by your digestive system.

Explanation:

Bt toxin is obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium that can kill certain insects like tobacco budworm, armyworm, beetles and flies.

Explanation:

The Bt toxin is encoded by the cry gene. The cry I AC and cry II Ab control cotton boll worms, while the cry I Ab controls corn borer. Bt gene produces Bt toxin. This toxin provides resistance to plants against lepidopteron, coleopteron and dipterans pests.

Explanation:

The Bt toxin is encoded by the cry gene. The cry I AC and cry II Ab control cotton boll worms, while the cry I Ab controls corn borer. Bt gene produces Bt toxin. This toxin provides resistance to plants against lepidopteron, coleopteron and dipterans pests.

Explanation:

RNA interference (RNAi) is present in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense.

When Meloidogyne incognita (parasite) consumes cells with RNAi gene, parasite cannot survive and this prevents infestation. The introduced RNAi gene DNA forms both sense and anti-sense RNA. Two strands being complementary to each other bend and form ds RNA, leading to RNAi. Thus, the mRNA of nematode is silenced and the parasite cannot survive there.

Explanation:

Cry gene is present in plasmid of bacterium. This gene can be easily separated from plasmid and included into another crops to provide resistance against pests and insects.

Explanation:

Pectin present in cell wall of plant cell is responsible for hardness of fruit coat. Polygalacturonase is induced into the fruit that degrade the pectin and soften the fruit.

Explanation:

Biofortification is the method to enhance the nutritional value of seeds by changing the gene of the crop that produces more protein, vitamins or other nutrient.

Explanation:

Xenotransplantation is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts or xenotransplants.

Successful graft reaction can be done by using Xenotransplantation to get two kinds of products from single plant.