Biotechnology and its Applications Test

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 31

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by

A
Disulphide bridges

B
Hydrogen bonds

C
Phosphodiester bridge

D
Covalent bond

Solution

So the correct option is A.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four year old girl with adenosine deaminase deficiency?

A
Radiation therapy

B
Gene therapy

C
Chemotherapy

D
Immunotherapy

Solution

Gene therapy was given in 1990 to a four year old girl with adenosine deaminase deficiency.
Question 3
1 / -0

Mobile genetic elements in maize were discovered by ___________.

A
D. Baltimore

B
H. G. Khorana

C
N. E. Borlaug

D
B. McClintock
Solution
- A transposable element is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size.
- They are also termed as mobile genetic elements. Barbara McClintock discovered the first transposable elements in maize (Zea mays) at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York and earned a noble prize in 1983.
So the correct answer is option D.
Question 4
1 / -0

A person suspected to suffer from AIDS is advised to undergo ............ diagnostic test.

A
Ultrasound

B
WIDAL

C
MRI

D
ELISA
Solution
- ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is used as a diagnostic test for identification of HIV virus. The assay uses a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a ligand (commonly a protein) in a liquid sample using antibodies directed against the protein to be measured.
- In ELISA, antigens from the sample are attached to a surface. Then, a matching antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and in the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a detectable signal, most commonly a colour change in the substrate.
- So, the correct answer is 'ELISA'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Cystic fibrosis can be treated by .......... gene therapy.

A
TGP-B

B
TPA

C
DNase

D
BGH

Solution

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease that affects the lungs. It is characterized by the thick and sticky mucus due to defective gene. It occurs due to mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. It can be treated by gene therapy using DNase. DNase is a DNA-destroying enzyme that breaks DNA strands remained by dying cells. DNase I reduces sputum viscosity in the lungs of CF patients as viscous sputum causes recurrent infections and affects lung function.
So, the correct option is 'C'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following techniques can be used to detect genetic disorders in humans?

A
PCR

B
Gel electrophoresis

C
Chromatography

D
Spectroscopy

Solution

PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction is a technique that can amplify a target DNA segment. This amplified segment aids in the detection of various genetic disorder and further studies.
Gel Electrophoresis: It is a method used for separation of macro molecules (DNA, RNA, Proteins) on the basis of their charge:mass ratio.
Chromatography: It is a separation technique that uses stationary phase and mobile phase to isolate pure compound/s from a mixture.
Spectroscopy: It is the study of the interaction of light with matter. For example absorption or emission of light and other radiations by mass. Spectroscopy can be used to identify the structure or functional groups of organic compounds. So, the correct answer is option A
Question 7
1 / -0

Cultivated rice has been protected from four diseases after receiving genes from

A
Oryza nivara

B
Oryza barthii

C
Oryza minuta

D
Oryza glaberrima

Solution

Wild relatives of plant species are a natural and great source for genes for pest resistance. So, the desired genes coding for pest resistance can be cloned in the original species. Oryza glaberrima which is generally known as African rice is one amongst the two domesticated rice species. Its gene for the pest resistance protected the cultivated rice from 4 diseases. So, the correct answer is 'Oryza glaberrima'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Identify the wrong statement with reference to the structure of human insulin :

A
Insulin is synthesised as a pre-hormone which contains an extra stretch called C peptide.

B
A and B chains are combined by disulphide bonds to form humulin.

C
Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains.

D
In these, chain A is made up of 30 amino acids and chain B is made up of 21 amino acids.
Solution
- Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains: A, having 21 amino acids and B, with 30 amino acids.
- The two polypeptide chains are interconnected by two disulphide bridges. The two polypeptide chains are interconnected by two disulphide briges.
- The hormone develops from a storage product called pronsulin. Proinsulin has three chains: A, B, and C. C chain with 33 amino acids is removed prior to insulin formation.
So, the correct option is 'D'.
Question 9
1 / -0

How many cycles of PCR are required if desired number of DNA molecules is 64 and starting material is single stranded DNA instead of ds DNA ?

A
5

B
64

C
7

D
30
Question 10
1 / -0

Use of complementary RNA molecule to prevent another mRNA molecule from participating in translation there by preventing the expression of a gene is termed as

A
Translation

B
RNA interference

C
DNA profiling

D
Biopiracy
Solution
Translation refers to the process of polymerization of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The sequence and order of amino acids are defined by the sequence of bases in the mRNA.
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation, by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules. RNAi is now known as a precise, efficient, and stable technique for gene suppression.
Biopiracy is exploiting the naturally occurring biochemical/ genetic material or patent biological resources without permission from the owner.
DNA profiling is the technique of determining an individual's DNA characteristics called a DNA profile.
So, the correct option is B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 31

Result

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 31

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Disulphide bridges

Hydrogen bonds

Phosphodiester bridge

Covalent bond

Solution

Question 2

Radiation therapy

Gene therapy

Chemotherapy

Immunotherapy

Solution

Question 3

D. Baltimore

H. G. Khorana

N. E. Borlaug

B. McClintock

Solution

Question 4

Ultrasound

WIDAL

MRI

ELISA

Solution

Question 5

TGP-B

TPA

DNase

BGH

Solution

Question 6

PCR

Gel electrophoresis

Chromatography

Spectroscopy

Solution

Question 7

Oryza nivara

Oryza barthii

Oryza minuta

Oryza glaberrima

Solution

Question 8

Insulin is synthesised as a pre-hormone which contains an extra stretch called C peptide.

A and B chains are combined by disulphide bonds to form humulin.

Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains.

In these, chain A is made up of 30 amino acids and chain B is made up of 21 amino acids.

Solution

Question 9

5

64

7

30

Question 10

Translation

RNA interference

DNA profiling

Biopiracy

Solution

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