Ecosystem Test

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Ecosystem Test - 41

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following differentiates gross primary production and net primary production?

A
Respiration

B
The difference in photosynthetic rates between morning and afternoon

C
The amount of energy transferred between trophic levels

D
Negligible in C$$_4$$ plants

E
None of the above

Solution

Gross primary production refers to the total organic matter produced by primary prodducers per unit area per unit time. Net primary prodction refers to net fixation of carbon by producers per unit area and is equals to the differnece between gross primary production and energy lost during respiration. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
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Biotic resources are ______.

A
Derived from living things

B
Made by human beings

C
Derived from non-living things

D
Non-renewable

Solution

Abiotic resources are non-living while biotic resources are living. Soils, rocks, and minerals are abiotic but plants and animals are biotic resources.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Choose the correct statement about ecological succession.

A
It is a natural progression of plant types that cannot be reversed.

B
It always occurs over a short period of time.

C
The rate can be changed by factors such as fire, clear cutting, and lava flows.

D
It only takes place on freshly cleared or new land such as islands.

E
The rate is very slow and constant.

Solution

Succession is a process of gradual changes that starts where no living organisms are there. The species that inhabit in a bare area are called as pioneer species. A pioneer community is a group of organisms, that starts the process of biological succession (the progression of an ecosystem over time). These organisms are typically plants, animals, and fungi. However, the rate of ecological succession depends on various factors like natural disturbance (flood, forest fire and severe wind) and human based disturbance.

Question 4

1 / -0

Read the passage and answer the following question.

A population study of plants was done in an abandoned field. Each year for $$3$$ years the vegetation was sampled. The chart indicates the results of the body.

Year		Number of Plants per Acre
	Sandspur	Ragweed	Timothy Grass	Goldenrod	Wire Grass
$$1$$	$$3,800$$	$$4,900$$	$$600$$	$$0$$	$$412$$
$$2$$	$$1,500$$	$$2,209$$	$$1,185$$	$$75$$	$$796$$
$$3$$	$$752$$	$$180$$	$$2,234$$	$$790$$	$$1,643$$$

Given data describes that

Fires cause the changes in the populations.

Floods cause the changes in the populations.

The plants in the population have similar life spans.

Plant populations are replacing one another.

The reproductive capacity of plants changes with time.

Solution

The data of the population study shows Sandspur and Ragweed decreasing in their population while the Timothy Grass, Goldenrod and Wiregrass has increased. The data shows how plant populations are replacing one another slowly.

Question 5
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Due to the clearance of many forest areas in the Eastern United States, the cultivation got abondoned but eventually returned back to forests. Such a process of revival of an ecosystem is known as

A
Primary succession

B
Secondary succession

C
Decomposition

D
Interspecific competition

E
Eutrophication
Question 6
1 / -0

The main factor determining the distribution and abundance of eukaryotic extremophiles is

A
Temperature

B
Water availability

C
Location

D
Abundance of food

Solution

Extremophiles are organisms living in habitat that have extreme environmental conditions, like trophical regions, the Arctic and the Aantarctica etc this is because these organisms are adapted to these extreme conditions and this is possible because probably the organism got adapted as the habitat had abundance of food and lesser competition.
So, the correct answer is 'Abundance of food'
Question 7
1 / -0

How does photosynthesis help to maintain the percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

A
By giving off carbon dioxide and absorbing oxygen

B
By giving off oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide

C
By releasing oxygen and carbon dioxide

D
By absorbing oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Solution

During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is fixed to form carbohydrate by the dark reaction. The water molecules are broken down during the light reaction and release oxygen. Thus, the two process helps to maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
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The least inclusive level of ecological organization that includes interactions among living and non-living factors is

A
A community

B
A population

C
A species

D
A biosphere

E
An ecosystem

Solution

A. A community is a group of populations of different species in a given area.
B. Population is a group of individual organisms of the same species in a given area.
C. Species is a group of individuals which resemble each other in morphological, physiological, biochemical and behavioral characters.
D. The planet Earth along with its atmosphere (air, land, and water) that sustain life is called biosphere.
E. An ecosystem is stable, a settled unit of nature consisting of a community of organisms interacting with each other and with their surrounding physical and chemical environment.
Hence the ecological organization that includes interactions among living and non-living factors is an ecosystem.
So, the correct answer is 'An ecosystem'.
Question 9
1 / -0

All of the following statements are true of primary succession except

A
primary succession occurs after a volcanic eruption.

B
pioneer plants include lichens and mosses.

C
primary succession occurs after a destructive forest fire.

D
development of a community occurs in an area where no soil initially exists.

E
primary succession occurs on coastal sand dunes.

Solution

Primary succession occurs in an area which is barren or lifeless and not suitable for sustaining normal life forms as soil is absent and no humus while secondary succession is the series of community changes which takes place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. Examples include areas which have been cleared of existing vegetation and destructive events such as fires. Therefore, destructive forest fire leads to secondary succession where there is still some organic matter to allow new plants to grow.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

The rate of formation of new organic matter by deer in a forest ecosystem is called

A
Primary productivity

B
Secondary productivity

C
Standing crop

D
Net primary productivity
Solution
- Primary productivity is the rate at which energy is converted by photosynthetic and chemosynthetic autotrophs to organic substances.
- The rate at which the consumers convert the chemical energy of their food into their own biomass is called secondary productivity.
- A standing crop is the total dried biomass of the living organisms present in a given environment.
- Net primary production is the rate at which all the plants in an ecosystem produce net useful chemical energy.
- Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Ecosystem Test - 41

Result

Ecosystem Test - 41

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Respiration

The difference in photosynthetic rates between morning and afternoon

The amount of energy transferred between trophic levels

Negligible in C$$_4$$ plants

None of the above

Solution

Question 2

Derived from living things

Made by human beings

Derived from non-living things

Non-renewable

Solution

Question 3

It is a natural progression of plant types that cannot be reversed.

It always occurs over a short period of time.

The rate can be changed by factors such as fire, clear cutting, and lava flows.

It only takes place on freshly cleared or new land such as islands.

The rate is very slow and constant.

Solution

Question 4

Fires cause the changes in the populations.

Floods cause the changes in the populations.

The plants in the population have similar life spans.

Plant populations are replacing one another.

The reproductive capacity of plants changes with time.

Solution

Question 5

Primary succession

Secondary succession

Decomposition

Interspecific competition

Eutrophication

Question 6

Temperature

Water availability

Location

Abundance of food

Solution

Question 7

By giving off carbon dioxide and absorbing oxygen

By giving off oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide

By releasing oxygen and carbon dioxide

By absorbing oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Solution

Question 8

A community

A population

A species

A biosphere

An ecosystem

Solution

Question 9

primary succession occurs after a volcanic eruption.

pioneer plants include lichens and mosses.

primary succession occurs after a destructive forest fire.

development of a community occurs in an area where no soil initially exists.

primary succession occurs on coastal sand dunes.

Solution

Question 10

Primary productivity

Secondary productivity

Standing crop

Net primary productivity

Solution

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