Biodiversity and Conservation Test

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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 79

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Match the following
List 1
List 2
A Jim Corbet National Park I Assam
B Kaziranga National Park II Andhra Pradesh
C Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park III Rajasthana
D Keoladeo Ghana National Park IV Uttarakhand

A
A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III

B
A - II, B - I, C - III, D - IV

C
A - IV, B - I, C - III, D - II

D
A - IV, B - I, C - II, D - III
Solution
- Jim Corbett National Park, which is a part of the larger Corbett Tiger Reserve, is a Project Tiger Reserve that lies in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand.
- Kaziranga National Park is a national park in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of the state of Assam, India.
- Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park is a deer national park located in Vanasthalipuram, Hyderabad, Telangana.
- Keoladeo National Park or Keoladeo Ghana National Park formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary is in Bharatpur, Rajasthan.
So, the correct option is 'D'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Species biodiversity is a combination of which two factors?

A
The number of different species and the number of ecosystems in which they are found

B
The number of different species and the number of each of those different species in an area

C
The number of different genes in an organism and the number of ecosystems in which a species is found

D
The number of different species and the number of times a particular gene is found in the species

E
The number of different genes in an organism and the number of each species found in an ecosystem.

Solution

Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a region. Measures of species diversity are the number of species in particular area. Greater the species richness, greater is the species diversity. The number of niches, trophic levels and various ecological process that sustain energy flow, food webs and recycling of nutrients is ecological diversity. Thus, the correct answer is A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Scientists believe that the Hawaiian island chain as it currently exists was formed as sea-floor spreading caused the Earth's crust to slowly move over a stationary point of volcanic activity in the mantle of the Earth.
While above the area of activity, volcanic eruptions formed the islands, and as sea-floor spreading moved the newly formed island off the area of activity, other new islands formed leading to the seven islands that now exist. The largest island in the chain is the only one that is currently volcanically active, suggesting that it is still above the active region on the mantel.
If this is true, which of the following should be observed?

A
Species on the largest island will be more closely related to those of more distant islands than to those of closer islands.

B
The largest island will have an extensive fossil record.

C
The largest island should have less biodiversity than the other islands.

D
Evidence of adaptive radiation should be most observable on the oldest of the seven islands.

Solution

The island that is volcanically active will not have organisms inhabiting the area, those that may inhabit will burnt or turned into ashes so, there are no chances of having a fossil record. However due to periodic volcanic activity the island will have reduced biodiversity
So, the correct answer is 'The largest island should have less biodiversity than the other islands'
Question 4
1 / -0

Ginkgo Biloba is no longer an endangered species because of its

A
Ex-situ conservation

B
Off-site conservation

C
In situ conservation

D
Cryopreservation

Solution

A. Ex-situ conservation means conservation outside the habitats by perpetuating sample population in genetic resource centers. For example, botanical gardens.

B. Off-site conservation is another name for Ex-situ conservation.

C. In-situ conservation is the conservation of living resources through their maintenance within the natural ecosystems in which they occur. For example, national parks.

D. Cryopreservation is the technique of germplasm preservation in liquid nitrogen at -196° C.

Gingko Biloba has been conserved by Ex-situ conservation, hence it is no longer an endangered species. So, the correct answer is 'Ex-situ conservation'.
Question 5
1 / -0

A continental population of insects has blue, red, green, and black variations. The color is controlled by the interaction of two genes, one with two alleles, the other with three alleles.
A piece of driftwood carrying two green insects and five red insects floats in the ocean for several days and washes up on a small island where the insect species did not previously live. The seven insects establish a new population on the island that increases in number significantly over several generations.
Which of the following statements correctly compares the island population with the original mainland population?

A
Red is dominantly inherited in the island population, while on the mainland green is dominant.

B
The island population has lower genetic diversity than the mainland population.

C
The island population is more likely to experience competition with other insect species than the mainland population.

D
The island population size is increasing, while the mainland population is decreasing.

Solution

It is given that out of blue, red, green and black variations of insects, only red and green insects established a new population on the new island. Since, these four colors are controlled by two genes, new population could have either of colour of insects. It is an example of founder effect. The island population will have lower genetic diversity than the mainland population because small populations usually have less genetic diversity than large population.
Thus, the correct answer is 'The island population has lower genetic diversity than the mainland population.'
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following statements best explains the fact that 99.9% of all species that have ever existed on planet earth are now extinct?

A
Climate changes associated with large comet or asteroid impacts occur faster than organisms can change themselves and adapt to the new environmental conditions.

B
Genetic variations within a population occur through random mutations and given enough time, the environment will change in such a way that no existing genetic-based phenotypes permit survival.

C
The accumulation of random mutations in the genome of all organisms eventually leads to frameshift mutations in critical genes and are ultimately lethal.

D
The rapid increase in global temperatures in the past 100 years, combined with ocean acidification, heavy metal contamination, and ozone depletion caused by human activities have caused 99.9% of all of Earth's species to go extinct.

E
All of the above

Solution

The extinction of species can occur due to various reasons, organisms not being able to adapt to changing climatic conditions, human activities, genetic mutations that did not favor the survival of the species
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'
Question 7
1 / -0

According to the graph, what are the three biggest threats to the biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea?

A
Aquaculture, invasions, and climate change

B
Exploitation, eutrophication, and pollution

C
Exploitation, habitat degradation, and pollution

D
Exploitation, habitat degradation, and climate change

E
Maritime traffic, eutrophication, and invasions

Solution

People for their own profit, overexploit the different types of fish species e.g, bluefin, tuna etc. Many factories and industrial plants on the bank of sea dispose their waste directly into sea water causing the destruction of many coral habitats and pollute water and damage ecosystem. Habitat degradation, exploitation and pollution are the biggest threats to the diversity of the Mediterranean. Thus, the correct option is C.
Question 8
1 / -0

Cheetah populations in Africa have been increasing for the past several decades from numbers in the hundreds to numbers in the thousands.
A study was conducted in which skin tissue samples were obtained from five wild cheetahs and grafted onto five other cheetahs. An immune response regarding non-self tissue rejection was absent in the cheetahs that received the skin grafts.
Recently, a small wild population of cheetahs has become infected with a new type of infectious cancer. Scientists are concerned about the extinction of the entire species because

A
Wild cheetah populations have lost their genetic diversity and are now equally susceptible to diseases.

B
The immune systems of the wild cheetahs have become suppressed by stressors in their environments.

C
Wild cheetah populations are still so small that transmission of infectious diseases will occur rapidly.

D
Skin cancer tends to metastasize faster and be more malignant than many other forms of cancer.

Solution

In case the species population were large, it would not face extinction in case of the rapid spread of the infectious disease, until the remedies are put in place by the scientist to control the disease. Small population and rapid spread are the major concerns with respect to the extinction of the species
So, the correct answer is 'Wild cheetah populations are still so small that transmission of infectious diseases will occur rapidly'
Question 9
1 / -0

Which one of the followings in an in situ method of biodiversity conservation?

A
National park

B
Botanical garden

C
Zoological garden

D
Scientific laboratory

Solution

The in-situ method is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural habitat. It is either by protecting or restoring the habitat itself or by defending the species from predators. In-situ method of conservation, it is considered as the most appropriate way of conserving biodiversity such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of tree species. A national park is an area dedicated to the conservation of wildlife along with its environment.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

An area is declared as Hot Spot when

A
It has 1500 or more endemic species and 75% of its original habitat is lost

B
It has 1500 or more vertebrate species and 75% of its original habitat is lost

C
It has more than 2000 species of plants

D
Most of the species inhabiting the area is facing the risk of extinction

Solution

An area is declared as Hot Spot when the region must fall in two of the criteria. That is, it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemic species and have lost at least 70% to 75% of its original habitat. A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with an unusual concentration of species, many of which are endemic. It is marked by a serious threat to its biodiversity by humans.
So, the correct answer is option A.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	List 1		List 2
A	Jim Corbet National Park	I	Assam
B	Kaziranga National Park	II	Andhra Pradesh
C	Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park	III	Rajasthana
D	Keoladeo Ghana National Park	IV	Uttarakhand

Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 79

Result

Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 79

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III

A - II, B - I, C - III, D - IV

A - IV, B - I, C - III, D - II

A - IV, B - I, C - II, D - III

Solution

Question 2

The number of different species and the number of ecosystems in which they are found

The number of different species and the number of each of those different species in an area

The number of different genes in an organism and the number of ecosystems in which a species is found

The number of different species and the number of times a particular gene is found in the species

The number of different genes in an organism and the number of each species found in an ecosystem.

Solution

Question 3

Species on the largest island will be more closely related to those of more distant islands than to those of closer islands.

The largest island will have an extensive fossil record.

The largest island should have less biodiversity than the other islands.

Evidence of adaptive radiation should be most observable on the oldest of the seven islands.

Solution

Question 4

Ex-situ conservation

Off-site conservation

In situ conservation

Cryopreservation

Solution

Question 5

Red is dominantly inherited in the island population, while on the mainland green is dominant.

The island population has lower genetic diversity than the mainland population.

The island population is more likely to experience competition with other insect species than the mainland population.

The island population size is increasing, while the mainland population is decreasing.

Solution

Question 6

Climate changes associated with large comet or asteroid impacts occur faster than organisms can change themselves and adapt to the new environmental conditions.

Genetic variations within a population occur through random mutations and given enough time, the environment will change in such a way that no existing genetic-based phenotypes permit survival.

The accumulation of random mutations in the genome of all organisms eventually leads to frameshift mutations in critical genes and are ultimately lethal.

The rapid increase in global temperatures in the past 100 years, combined with ocean acidification, heavy metal contamination, and ozone depletion caused by human activities have caused 99.9% of all of Earth's species to go extinct.

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Aquaculture, invasions, and climate change

Exploitation, eutrophication, and pollution

Exploitation, habitat degradation, and pollution

Exploitation, habitat degradation, and climate change

Maritime traffic, eutrophication, and invasions

Solution

Question 8

Wild cheetah populations have lost their genetic diversity and are now equally susceptible to diseases.

The immune systems of the wild cheetahs have become suppressed by stressors in their environments.

Wild cheetah populations are still so small that transmission of infectious diseases will occur rapidly.

Skin cancer tends to metastasize faster and be more malignant than many other forms of cancer.

Solution

Question 9

National park

Botanical garden

Zoological garden

Scientific laboratory

Solution

Question 10

It has 1500 or more endemic species and 75% of its original habitat is lost

It has 1500 or more vertebrate species and 75% of its original habitat is lost

It has more than 2000 species of plants

Most of the species inhabiting the area is facing the risk of extinction

Solution

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