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Environmental Issues Test - 28

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Environmental Issues Test - 28
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    A successful forest conservation strategy should involve
    Solution
    Proper balance of all the abiotic and biotic components is the only way to preserve an ecosystem.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Ozone depletion is occurring due to 
    Solution
    Ozone is the protective layer present in the stratosphere. The harmful ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by the ozone layer. They are carried high into the stratosphere by wind action. Depletion begins when CFC’s get into the stratosphere. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun breaks up these CFCs. The breaking up action releases chlorine atoms. Chlorine atoms react with ozone, starting a chemical cycle that destroys the good ozone in that area. It is not depleted by PCB, carbon monoxides, and PAN. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
      Which among the following is a major cause of water pollution?
    Solution
    Pesticides when sprinkled on crops and plants also get mixed by water in the field and leads to water pollution.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following options is a major water pollutant nowadays?
    Solution
    Industrial causes of water pollution:
    Industries cause huge water pollution with their activities. These come mainly from: 
    1. Sulphur – This is a non-metallic substance that is harmful for marine life.
    Asbestos – This pollutant has cancer-causing properties. When inhaled, it can cause illnesses such as asbestosis and some types of cancer.
    2. Lead and Mecury – These are metallic elements and can cause environmental and health problems for humans and animals. It is also poisonous. It is usually very hard to clean it up from the environment once it gets into it because it is non-biodegradable.
    3. Nitrates & Phosphates– These are found in fertilizers, and are often washed from the soils to nearby water bodies. They can cause eutrophication, which can be very problematic to marine environments.
    4. Oils – Oils form a thick layer on the water surface because they do not dissolve in water. This can stop marine plants receiving enough light for photosynthesis. It is also harmful for fish and marine birds.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is responsible for causing skin cancer and mutation?
    Solution
    Smog is an air pollutant that refers to smoky fog. It causes premature death from a respiratory disease, increases the frequency of birth defect but does not cause mutation. Effect on the health of snowfall is mainly concerned with respiratory defects due to improper ventilation.
    Smoke from an airplane has higher concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO$$_2$$) which leads to the global warming. It also reacts with ammonia and moisture to produce small particles that are deposited in lungs causing respiratory and lungs related disorders, and also aggravate the heart diseases. 
    The ozone layer is present in the atmosphere, and it prevents harmful UV radiation from entering into the Earth which has the capability to cause skin cancer, cataracts in human beings. UV is a nonionizing radiation that induces mutation by producing thymidine dimers. CFC a greenhouse gas reacts with ozone in the presence of UV radiation splits the O$$_3$$ molecule into the O$$_2$$ and free oxygen and leads to the ozone depletion. The depleted ozone cannot absorb UV radiation. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Radioactive substances can cause
    Solution
    • Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium vivax through the agent Anopheles mosquito. 
    • Dysentry is caused by the bacteria Shigella and Campylobacter which leads to severe diarrhea.
    • The common cold is a respiratory disorder mainly caused due to viruses. It is also called acute coryza. It is mainly caused by coronaviruses and rhinoviruses.
    • Cancer is the disease of abnormal, uncontrollable cell growth leading to the formation of tumors. This disease can be genetic or can be caused by mutagenic agents (physical/chemical), radiations, overexposure to sunlight.

    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is one of the major factors that cause water pollution?
    Solution
    Dumping of Industrial waste in rivers is one of the major factors that cause water pollution
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Solid waste serve as useful resource for providing energy for our industries.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    If BOD of river is high, it means that the river 
    Solution
    Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of how much dissolved oxygen is being consumed as microbes break down organic matter. A high demand, therefore, can indicate that levels of dissolved oxygen are falling, with potentially dangerous implications for the river's biodiversity. High biochemical oxygen demand can be caused by: high levels of organic pollution, caused usually by poorly treated waste water; high nitrate levels, which trigger high plant growth. Both result in higher amounts of organic matter in the river. When this matter decays, the microbiological activity uses up the oxygen.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The ozone layer  'ozonosphere' occurs in
    Solution
    An atmosphere is composed of various amount of gases which are distributed at different concentration at different heights. This lead to creation zones in the atmosphere which is also known as atmospheric layers. The ozone layer is a region of naturally occurring ozone gas present in the stratosphere. It is found in the lower portion of stratosphere present between 26-30kms above Earth. 
    It serves as a shield from the harmful ultraviolet B radiation emitted by the sun. However, there is a main concern around the globe nowadays because of depletion of the ozone layer which allows the UV radiations to reach the Earth causing major effects like skin cancer, reduction in the rate of photosynthesis. Hence option C is correct. 
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