Environmental Issues Test - 48

Greenhouse gas like co$$_2$$, methane, CFC absorbs the radiation reflected from the earth's surface in the form of heat and increases the atmosphere's temperature is called as greenhouse effect which leads to the global warming.

Deforestation is the process of cutting or removal of forest to fulfill the need of the population. It has many negative impacts on the environment such as loss of species, soil erosion and reduces rainfall. The tree absorbs water from soil for photosynthesis and produces water vapor that is released into the atmosphere which in turn causes rainfall. If there will be less number of the tree then rainfall will also decrease. Plants absorb carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) for photosynthesis and releases oxygen. Greenhouse gases absorbs the solar energy and increase the earth's temperature is called as global warming. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The unplanned clearing of land leads to loss of habitats and also it leads to loss of biodiversity.

Deforestation is the depletion / destruction of forest resources. Its main cause is the explosion of human and livestock population with the increased demand of the basic needs. The major effect of deforestation is the loss of precious wildlife, rare species of flora and fauna due to loss of habitat, soil erosion, accentuated floods, drought, pollution and increased level of carbon dioxide.

• Biochemical oxygen demand acts as an indicator of the growing pollution in the marine environment. 
• It is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample of 1000ml at certain temperature over a specific time period.

• The greenhouse effect can be curtailed by redesigning the landfill dumps so that the methane produced by the decomposition of biodegradable waste is collected effectively and it can be used for the production of biogas as methane is an integral component of it.
•  The use of biogas curtails the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and thus reduces global warming and the greenhouse effect.

Indira Gandhi canal is one of the important irrigation canals of India. It starts from Firozpur of Punjab and terminates its irrigation facilities in Thar Desert of Rajasthan. The canal traverses seven districts of Rajasthan namely Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, and Sriganganagar. Without this canal, entire Rajasthan would have been a desert.

Organic farming is the technique which is used for the evolution of the agricultural techniques and increase the production without the use of antibiotics, fertilizers and pesticides. This system uses the microbial culture to enhance the soil quality and fertility. The activity of the microbes adds nutrients to the soil. This nutrients can be used by the plants for growth and development.

• Deforestation is the process of excessive cutting of trees which adversely affects the environment.
• The trees maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Deforestation leads to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration which causes global warming and poses a major threat to the environment. 
• Shifting of climate and disturbance in biodiversity ratio is the other major effect of deforestation.

The presence of CFCs in the atmosphere results in the depletion of the ozone layer. They are used as coolants in refrigerators, coolers, etc. The CFCs causes the breaking of the ozone molecule which forms the oxygen radical and O$$_2$$. The depletion of the ozone layer results in the penetration of the harmful UV radiations from the sun into the Earth's atmosphere. The reduction in the use of the CFC molecules will prevent the ozone thinning and have the positive effect on the ozone layer.