Environmental Issues Test

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Environmental Issues Test - 74

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Limit of B.O.D. prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board for the discharge of industrial and municipal waste waters into natural surface waters, is

A
< 30 ppm

B
< 3.0 ppm

C
< 10 ppm

D
< 100 ppm

Solution

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The central pollution control board prescribed the BOD limit for the discharge of industrial and municipal waste water as < 10ppm
So, the correct answer is '< 10 ppm'
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following strategy is not a correct approach to reduce global warming?

A
Reducing the greenhouse gas emission by limiting the use of fossil fuels.

B
Increase the vegetation cover particularly the forest for photosynthetic utilization of CO$$_2$$.

C
Minimizing the use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture for reducing N$$_2$$O emission.

D
Increasing the use of air conditioners, refrigeration unit and production of plastic foams and propellants in aerosol spray cans.

E
Developing substitutes for chlorofluorocarbons.
Solution
A.Correct option D

B.Explanation for correct option:
- Global warming is the phenomenon of a gradual increase in the temperature near the earth’s surface.
- Air conditioners, refrigeration units, production of plastic foams and propellants in aerosol spray release chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere.
- These CFCs deplete the ozone layer that contributes to global warming.
C.Explanation for incorrect options:
Option A: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions by limiting the use of fossil fuels will reduce the trapping of heat thereby decreasing global warming.

Option B: Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Increasing vegetation increase the absorption of carbon dioxide by plants, thereby decreasing global warming.

Option C: Minimizing the use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture lowers the emission of nitrous oxide which is a greenhouse gas.

Option E: Developing substitutes for chlorofluorocarbons will contribute to lowering global warming.
Question 3
1 / -0

Sewage drainage into water bodies is harmful for fishes because

A
Excessive CO$$_2$$ is added in water.

B
It gives off a bad smell.

C
It removes the competition with fishes to dissolved oxygen.

D
It increase competition of fishes for dissolved oxygen.

Solution

A. Correct option:- C
B. Explanation for the option:

Option D)
Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed of in water bodies because it causes water pollution. Microorganisms in water try to decompose the untreated sewage. While doing so they use oxygen and, so the oxygen level in such water decreases. This increases the competition for oxygen among fishes. Thus fish in such polluted water die, because of a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water

C. Explanation of incorrect options
Option A) Excessive organic matter is added into the water bodies through sewage water.
Option B) It does give bad smell but it is not a scientific reason.
Option C) It does not remove the competition for oxygen instead it increases the competition.
Question 4
1 / -0

High BOD indicates

A
Highly polluted $$H_2O$$

B
Less pollution in $$H_2O$$

C
Less sewage

D
Less microorganism

Solution

Biological oxygen demand (BOD) is the rate at which microorganisms in water take up oxygen. A high BOD indicates two things - there is a high level of microorganisms in the water and there is a high content of organic material in the water that is broken down by the organisms. This is an indication of organic pollution.
Question 5
1 / -0

The gas that causes the depletion of the ozone layer thereby allowing more UV radiations to reach the Earth is

A
Carbon dioxide

B
Chlorofluorocarbon

C
Oxygen

D
Nitrous oxide

Solution
Question 6
1 / -0

Exposure of plants to high fluoride concentration results in necrosis or chlorosis characteristically in

A
Petiole but not in lamina

B
Only mid rib in lamina

C
Leaf tip and leaf margins

D
Stem tips only

Solution

In dicotyledonous broad leaves, the initial symptom of fluoride effects on leaves is usually chlorosis of the tip, which later extends downward along the margins and inward toward the midrib. This chlorosis becomes more intense and extensive with prolonged exposure until the midrib and some veins appear as a green arborescent pattern on a chlorotic background. Continued exposure may lead to the tip becoming necrotic and falling off, leaving the leaf notched.
Question 7
1 / -0

Genetic erosion is due to

A
Deforestation

B
Shifting cultivation

C
Adoption of genetically uniform varieties of crop

D
All of the above

Solution

Genetic erosion is a process, where gene pool of an endangered species of plant or animal is limited. Genetic erosion occurs because each individual organism has unique genes which get lost when it dies without getting a chance to breed due to deforestation, shifting cultivation and adoption of genetically uniform varieties of the crop. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
1 / -0

In a sewage plant, BOD is indicated as high. After sometime it shows a decrease then

A
There is increase in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen.

B
There is decrease in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen.

C
There is increase in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen.

D
There is decrease in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen.

Solution

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.
Higher the BOD, more is the pollution.
Thus, if BOD had reduced, it shows decrease in bacterial growth which consumes the oxygen present and ensures increase in oxygen level.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

What is not useful to increase agriculture production?

A
Mechanisation of agriculture

B
Enhanced irrigation facilities

C
Use of fertilizers

D
Deforestation

Solution

Deforestation is the excessive cutting down of the trees which adversely affects the environment. It is not useful for increasing the agricultural production as because it creates several major problems like soil erosin, infertility, and droughts.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which one of the following is the chief ozone-depleting substance used in refrigerators and air conditioners as coolant?

A
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

B
Carbon tetrachloride

C
Methyl chloroform

D
Methyl bromide

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Environmental Issues Test - 74

Result

Environmental Issues Test - 74

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

< 30 ppm

< 3.0 ppm

< 10 ppm

< 100 ppm

Solution

Question 2

Reducing the greenhouse gas emission by limiting the use of fossil fuels.

Increase the vegetation cover particularly the forest for photosynthetic utilization of CO$$_2$$.

Minimizing the use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture for reducing N$$_2$$O emission.

Increasing the use of air conditioners, refrigeration unit and production of plastic foams and propellants in aerosol spray cans.

Developing substitutes for chlorofluorocarbons.

Solution

Question 3

Excessive CO$$_2$$ is added in water.

It gives off a bad smell.

It removes the competition with fishes to dissolved oxygen.

It increase competition of fishes for dissolved oxygen.

Solution

Question 4

Highly polluted $$H_2O$$

Less pollution in $$H_2O$$

Less sewage

Less microorganism

Solution

Question 5

Carbon dioxide

Chlorofluorocarbon

Oxygen

Nitrous oxide

Solution

Question 6

Petiole but not in lamina

Only mid rib in lamina

Leaf tip and leaf margins

Stem tips only

Solution

Question 7

Deforestation

Shifting cultivation

Adoption of genetically uniform varieties of crop

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

There is increase in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen.

There is decrease in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen.

There is increase in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen.

There is decrease in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen.

Solution

Question 9

Mechanisation of agriculture

Enhanced irrigation facilities

Use of fertilizers

Deforestation

Solution

Question 10

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Carbon tetrachloride

Methyl chloroform

Methyl bromide

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