Reproductive Health Test - 15

Birth control will not only improve the gene pool but also reduce the rate of increase in human population which is presentably a big problem. Sterilization is an effective and safest method of birth control.

Sterilization of man is done by vasectomy in which the passage of sperms is blocked either by cutting or by putting ligatores around the male duct (Vasa deferentia). On the other hand the sterilization in woman is called tubectomy or solpingectomy where the passage of ova is blocked in fallopian tubes either by cutting or by ligaturing these tubes.

Chancroid is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection characterized by painful sores on the genitalia. It is caused by the fastidious Gram-negative streptobacillus Haemophilus ducreyi.

The bacteria which causes Syphilis called Treponema pallidum is responsible for chancre development which means lesion type of infection and painful sores on the genitals.

1.  HIV virus causes AIDS which attacks the immune system specifically WBC.

2.  Hepatitis B Virus causes hepatitis which attacks liver and causes liver necrosis.

3.  Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonorrhoea which causes painful urination and also infertility.

The standard formula for calculating growth rate is Gr = N/t. Here, Gr is the growth rate expressed as a number of individuals. N is the total change in population size for the entire time period, also expressed as a number of individuals. Therefore if Birth = Death then N(B-D) = 0 hence Gr = 0/t = 0.

Amniocentesis is a technique in which the amniotic fluid can be analyzed to detect any genetic abnormality. An unfortunate and illegal use is analysis of amniotic fluid to detect sex of unborn child.

A logistic growth curve is an S-shaped (sigmoidal) curve that can be used to model functions that increase gradually at first, more rapidly in the middle growth period, and slowly at the end, levelling off at a maximum value after some period of time. In logistic growth, a population's per capita growth rate gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches a maximum imposed by limited resources in the environment, known as the carrying capacity (KK).

MTPs are considered relatively safe during the first trimester, i.e., up to 12 weeks of the pregnancy. Second-trimester abortions are much riskier.

Intentional or voluntary termination of the pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy (MTP).

A plant or animal, native and restricted to a certain place is referred to as endemic. Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type.

Organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. Few examples are: The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of south-western South Africa. The glacier bear is found only in limited places in Southeast Alaska.

The MTP Act allows for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks of pregnancy. In case termination of pregnancy is immediately necessary to save the life of the woman.

Oral contraceptive prevents pregnancy by preventing population.