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Reproductive Health Test - 59

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Reproductive Health Test - 59
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Consider the statements given below regarding contraception and answer as directed thereafter
    (a)  Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) during first trimester is generally safe.
    (b)  Generally chances of conception are nil until mother breast-feeds the infant upto two years.
    (c)  Intrauterine devices like copper T are effective contraceptives.
    (d)  Contraception pills may be taken upto one week after coitus to prevent conception.
    Which two of the above statements are correct?
    Solution
    A medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) or abortion is a type of non-surgical abortion in which pharmaceutical drugs are used to induce abortion. An oral preparation for medical abortion is commonly referred to as an abortion pill. Medication abortion regimens can be safely and effectively used throughout the first 49 days of pregnancy. The copper IUD is the most effective form of emergency contraception. Copper IUDs actually prevent fertilization by reducing the number and viability of sperm reaching the egg, and by impeding the number and movement of eggs into the uterus. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The term test tube baby implies that
    Solution
    A test-tube baby is a term that refers to a child that is conceived outside the woman's body. The process is referred to as in vitro (outside the body) fertilisation. The sperm and zygote fuses outside the body. The fertilised egg is then later-on implanted in the uterus of the female. 
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    A natural method of birth control assumes that sperms live for three days after intercourse, ovulation occurs between $$13^{th}-15^{th}$$ day of the menstrual cycle and released ova which lived for $$36$$ hours. On which day of the cycle should intercourse not result in pregnancy?
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Consider the following statements:

    A. Condom, diaphragm, and cervical caps are the common barriers used to prevent pregnancy.
    B. Oral pills and vaginal pills are the chemical method practiced for the prevention of pregnancy.
    C. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) prevent implantation in the uterus.
    D. Vasectomy and tubectomy are the surgical methods practiced for birth control. 

    The correct answer is
    Solution
    All the above statements are correct.
    * Condoms, diaphragm, and cervical caps are a type barrier method, which prevents fusion of the sperms and ovum. 
    * Oral or vaginal pills are used as a birth control method. it makes the uterus inhospitable for sperms.
    * IUDs make the lining of the uterus inhospitable to prevent implantation. 
    * Vasectomy is the surgical procedure for male sterilization, while tubectomy is the surgical procedure for female sterilization. 
    So, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In case of a couple where a man is having a very low sperm count, which of the following technique will be suitable for fertilization?
    Solution
    In case of a couple where a man is having a very low sperm count, the sperms cannot travel the female genital tract to get fertilized due to its low count. So artificial insemination technique is used to get sperm fertilized inside the female. In this technique, the sperm is introduced into a female's cervix and the uterine cavity for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse.
    So, the correct answer is 'Artificial insemination'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which protozoa is responsible for causing the disease leucorrhoea?
    Solution
    Trichomonas vaginalis causes sexually transmitted disease like trichomoniasis which results in leucorrhoea (or leukorrhea ). It is a white, sticky, foul-smelling vaginal discharge which refers to the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) in vaginal fluid. 
    Leishmania, a genus of trypanosomes, infect man, dog, cattle, horse, sheep etc. and cause serious diseases collectively known as Leishmaniasis. Trypanosoma species causes a disease called as trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness or chaga's disease). 
    Giardia lamblia causes parasitic disease of the small intestine called as giardiasis (beaver fever).
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    List-I
    List-II
    A. Syphilis
    I. Human papilloma virus
    B. Genital wart
    II. HBV
    C. Hepatitis-B
    III. Treponema pallidum
    D. Gonorrhea
    IV. HSV (Herplex simplex virus)

    V. Neisseria

    Solution
    Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the bacterium Treponea palledum. It is easy to cure but causes damage to the internal organs if left untreated.
    Genital warts are the sexually transmitted disease that is characterized by the warts at the genitals and is caused by the human papiloma virus. This is mainly dangerous to women than men as it causes cancer to the cervix.
    Hepatitis-B virus is also called the HBV or Hep B that is a infection to the liver. In late stage, it also causes cirrhosis.
    Gonorrhea is asexually transmitted disease that is caused by the contact with the already infected person and is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhea.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    GIFT is a/an
    Solution
    GIFT stands for gamete intrafallopian transfer. In this case, the egg from a female donor and the sperms from father (or a donor male) are mixed in the lab and this mixture is taken and transferred to the mother's fallopian tube where it fertilizes. This is done to achieve a natural conception. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Transfer of the mixture of ovum and sperm in the woman's fallopian tube where fertilization takes place. The embryo then develops inside the female uterus'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    In which Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), Test Tube Baby procedure is applied?
    Solution
    Test tube baby is a revolutionary treatment procedure carried out for the couple facing infertility issues. The procedure is carried out through IVF (In vitro fertilisation)which is the most common type of assisted reproductive technology. The procedure involves fertilizing the egg outside the body in laboratory conditions and the embryo is later transferred and impregnated into the uterus for further development. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    What is true regarding reactive oxygen species (ROS) testing in semen?
    Solution
    Human spermatozoa generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in physiologic amounts, which play a role in sperm functions during sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and oocyte fusion. However, uncontrolled and excessive production of ROS results in seminal oxidative stress. 
    High ROS is an independent marker of Male Factor Infertility (MFI), irrespective of whether these patients have normal or abnormal semen parameters. 
    A chemiluminescent procedure, employing probes such as luminol or lucigenin, may be used to measure ROS production and the redox activity of human spermatozoa. ROS levels for healthy donors are 0.98 x $$10^4$$ cpm/20 million.

    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
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