Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 39

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Question 1
1 / -0

How many characters of pea pod were chosen at a time by Mendel?

A
7

B
2

C
4

D
3
Solution
Mendel observed seven traits that are easily recognized and apparently only occur in one of two forms:
1. Flower colour - purple or white
2. Flower position - axial or terminal
3. Stem length - short or long
4. Seed shape - round or wrinkled
5. Seed colour - yellow or green
6. Pod shape - inflated or constricted
7. Pod colour - yellow or green
Question 2
1 / -0

Pleiotropic gene

A
Controls only one phenotype

B
Controls several phenotypes

C
Masks the expression of another non-allelic gene

D
Inhibits cross over

E
Promotes crossing over
Solution
Correct Answer- B
Explanation-
When a single gene controls several phenotypic expressions, it is called a pleiotropic gene.
The pleiotropic gene unlike other genes expresses different characters because of multiple traits.
Examples of the pleiotropic gene are albinism, Marfan syndrome, Sickle cell anemia. etc.
Hence, the correct option is B.
Question 3
1 / -0

In seven pairs of contrasting characters in a pea plant studied by Mendel, the number of flower based characters were

A
1

B
2

C
3

D
4

Solution

The plant chosen by Mendel was Pisum sativum. He selected 7 characters to study. Out of it, two were related to flower. He chose to study flower colour - purple (dominant) and white (recessive); flower position - axial (dominant) and terminal (recessive), that is two flower based characters.
So, the correct answer is '2'
Question 4
1 / -0

Mendel, while studying the garden pea (Pisum sativum) observed its seven traits. Which one doesn't match with its dominant character?

A
Flower colour - purple

B
Flower position - axial

C
Pod colour - yellow

D
Seed shape - round

Solution

Mendel followed the inheritance of 7 traits in pea plants (Pisum sativum). He chose traits that had 2 forms. The seven traits were pea shape, pea colour, flower colour, flower position, plant height, pod shape and pod colour.
Question 5
1 / -0

The main reason for the success of Mendel was that

A
He made statistical analysis of the offsprings.

B
He first took only one character at a time in his crosses.

C
He kept pedigree records.

D
He selected pea plants.

Solution

Main reasons for the success of Gregor Mendel:
1. Mendel concentrated in one or few characters at a time.
2. He made controlled crosses and kept careful numerical records of the results.
3. He suggested 'factors' as a cause of characters.
4. The experimental material Pisum sativum was a wise choice.
Question 6
1 / -0

Skin colour inheritance in man is

A
Monogeneic

B
Polygenic

C
Sex linked

D
Multiple alleles

E
Epistasis

Solution

Polygenic inheritance occurs, when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are height, skin colour, eye colour and weight.
Question 7
1 / -0

How is the arrangement of Mendel's selected seven characters on four chromosomes?

A
One in chromosome no. 1, 4 in chromosome no. 4, one in chromosome no. 5, and one in chromosome no. 7

B
2 in chromosome no. 1, 3 in chromosome no. 4, one in chromosome no. 5 and one in chromosome no. 6

C
3 in chromosome no. 1, 1 in chromosome no. 4, 2 in chromosome no. 5 and one in chromosome no. 7

D
2 in chromosome no. 1, 3 in chromosome no. 4, 1 in chromosome no. 5 and 1 in chromosome no. 7

Solution

Pea has seven sets of chromosomes, the seven characters were located on four different chromosomes . two characters were located on the first chromosome, three on chromosome no. 4 and one each on chromosome number 5 & 7.
So, the correct answer is "2 in chromosome no. 1, 3 in chromosome no. 4, 1 in chromosome no. 5 and 1 in chromosome no. 7".
Question 8
1 / -0

Olins and Olins (1974) discovered which part of chromatin?

A
Chromomere

B
Karyosome

C
Chromocenter

D
Nucleosomes

Solution

Olins and Olins discovered nucleosomes. A nucleosome is a basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores. This structure is often compared to thread wrapped around a spool. Nucleosomes form the fundamental repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin, which is used to pack the large eukaryotic genomes into the nucleus while still ensuring appropriate access to it.
Question 9
1 / -0

How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?

A
Three

B
Four

C
Nine

D
Two

Solution

AABbCC will produce gametes like ABC and AbC.
Question 10
1 / -0

Marriages between close relatives should be avoided because it includes more

A
Recessive alleles to come together

B
Mutations

C
Multiple births

D
Blood group abnormalities

Solution

Marriage between related individuals are risky. It is because the recessive alleles in the gene pool will accumulate. If the recessive allele, which reaches the female individual is heterozygous, female is called as carrier. Then the gene gets transferred to further generations, and in male child the defective gene will be expresses to cause disease
So, the correct answer is 'Recessive alleles to come together'

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 39

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 39

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

7

2

4

3

Solution

Question 2

Controls only one phenotype

Controls several phenotypes

Masks the expression of another non-allelic gene

Inhibits cross over

Promotes crossing over

Solution

Question 3

1

2

3

4

Solution

Question 4

Flower colour - purple

Flower position - axial

Pod colour - yellow

Seed shape - round

Solution

Question 5

He made statistical analysis of the offsprings.

He first took only one character at a time in his crosses.

He kept pedigree records.

He selected pea plants.

Solution

Question 6

Monogeneic

Polygenic

Sex linked

Multiple alleles

Epistasis

Solution

Question 7

One in chromosome no. 1, 4 in chromosome no. 4, one in chromosome no. 5, and one in chromosome no. 7

2 in chromosome no. 1, 3 in chromosome no. 4, one in chromosome no. 5 and one in chromosome no. 6

3 in chromosome no. 1, 1 in chromosome no. 4, 2 in chromosome no. 5 and one in chromosome no. 7

2 in chromosome no. 1, 3 in chromosome no. 4, 1 in chromosome no. 5 and 1 in chromosome no. 7

Solution

Question 8

Chromomere

Karyosome

Chromocenter

Nucleosomes

Solution

Question 9

Three

Four

Nine

Two

Solution

Question 10

Recessive alleles to come together

Mutations

Multiple births

Blood group abnormalities

Solution

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