Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 56

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Identify the sense codon from the following.

A
UGA

B
AUG

C
UAG

D
UAA
Solution
- AUG or methionine codon is a sense codon having a dual function. Duality in the codon function is known in the initiation of translation and methionine insertion into internal protein positions.
- When AUG is at the beginning of prokaryotic message (initiation codon), it codes for the incorporation of N- formyl methionine (fMet) whereas AUG within the message code for normal methionine (Met). UGA (opal), UAG(amber) and UAA (ochre) are non-sense codons as they do not specify any amino acid and when present in the reading frame lead to polypeptide chain termination.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

Transcription is the transfer of genetic code from a DNA molecule to

A
RNA molecule

B
Second DNA molecule

C
Ribosomal sub unit

D
Sequence of amino acids in a protein molecule

Solution

Transcription is the process in which the genetic code which is present on the DNA is encoded in the mRNA molecule. The mRNA molecule is synthesized when there is need of a particular protein. The information present in the certain region of DNA called as a gene is transferred to single-stranded RNA molecule. The thymine in DNA is replaced by uracil in the RNA. RNA polymerase is the enzyme which helps in reading the template strand and preparing the mRNA molecule.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the loop pairs with the complementary m-RNA codon loop?

A
Anticodon arm

B
D loop

C
T loop

D
None of thea bove

Solution

The anticodon loop in tRNA contains 7 unpaired nucleotides. The middle three nucleotides act as anticodon which binds three complementary bases of mRNA molecule.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following is a Wobble base pairs?

A
Guanine-uracil (G-U)

B
Hypoxanthine-uracil (I-U)

C
Hypoxanthine-adenine (I-A)

D
All of the above

Solution

In Wobble base pairing, the pairing of the third base varies according to the base at this position, for example, G may pair with U. The conventional pairing (A = U, T, G = C) is called Watson-Crick pairing and the second abnormal pairing is called wobble pairing. Three types of wobble pairings are know
a) U pairs with G
b) G pairs with U
c) I pairs with A, U or C.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'
Question 5
1 / -0

What would be the Wobble pairing for GAG?

A
CUC

B
AUG

C
CUU

D
Both A and C

Solution

In Wobble base pairing, the pairing of the third base varies according to the base at this position, for example, G may pair with U. The conventional pairing (A = U, G = C) is called Watson-Crick pairing and the second abnormal pairing is called wobble pairing .In wobble pairing-
a) A on the anticodon pairs with G or C on the codon
b) G on the anticodon pairs with U or A on the codon
Thus the correct answer is option C.
Question 6
1 / -0

Identify the correct complementary base pairing among the following.

A
Adenine - Thymine and Guanine - Cytosine

B
Adenine - Guanine and Thymine - Cytosine

C
Adenine - Cytosine and Thymine - Guanine

D
Guanine - Adenine and Cytosine - Adenine
Solution
- Adenine binds to thymine and guanine binds to cytosine as they are complementary base pairs.
- The complementary bases can form a bond with each other.
- This helps to hold the two strands of the DNA molecule together to form the helix.
- Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statement can be related to the cloverleaf model of t-RNA?

A
It is two-dimensional structure

B
It is considered as secondary structure of the t-RNA

C
It is mainly formed during post-translational changes

D
All of the above

Solution

The primary structure of tRNA is a small, linear, single-stranded nucleic acid. This tRNA due to its stretches of complementary base pairs forms two-dimensional secondary structure, which is in the form of a cloverleaf. Modifications to form the stem-loop and anticodon loop are important for tRNA stability and functioning. Thus it undergoes post-translational changes. Thus the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which one of the following combinations is found in DNA ?

A
Guanine and guanidine

B
Guanidine and cytosine

C
Guanine and cytosine

D
Adenine and guanidine

Solution

The DNA is composed of the purines and pyrimidines, adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine. The adenine binds to the thymine and the guanine binds to cytosine. The hydrogen bonding takes place between these bases and so the complementary strands can hold each other in the DNA helix.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

A mixture of equal numbers of fast and slow dividing cells is cultured in a medium containing a trace amount of radioactively labeled thymidine for one hour. The cells are then transferred to regular (unlabelled) medium. After 24 hrs of growth in regular media.

A
Fast dividing cells will have maximum radioactivity

B
Slow dividing cells will have maximum radioactivity

C
Both will have same amount of radioactivity

D
There will be no radioactivity in either types of cells

Solution

According to the semiconservative model of DNA replication, in the unlabeled medium after 24 hours one strand will have radioactive thymidine and the other will be a regular strand. The radioactive thymidine will be incorporated maximum in the rapidly dividing cell during S phase (phase of DNA replication). Hence after 24 hours rapidly dividing cells will have maximum radioactivity. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which one of the following is the complementary sequence for the DNA with $$5'$$-CGTACTA-$$3'$$.

A
$$5'$$-TAGTACG-$$3'$$

B
$$5'$$-ATCATGA-$$3'$$

C
$$5'$$-UTCUTGC-$$3'$$

D
$$3'$$-GCATGAT-$$5'$$

Solution

DNA is a double-stranded helix in which the 2 strands are complementary to each other. The purine in one strand pairs with a pyrimidine in the other strand of the helix i.e., A always paired with T and C always paired with G. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 56

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 56

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Question 1

UGA

AUG

UAG

UAA

Solution

Question 2

RNA molecule

Second DNA molecule

Ribosomal sub unit

Sequence of amino acids in a protein molecule

Solution

Question 3

Anticodon arm

D loop

T loop

None of thea bove

Solution

Question 4

Guanine-uracil (G-U)

Hypoxanthine-uracil (I-U)

Hypoxanthine-adenine (I-A)

All of the above

Solution

Question 5

CUC

AUG

CUU

Both A and C

Solution

Question 6

Adenine - Thymine and Guanine - Cytosine

Adenine - Guanine and Thymine - Cytosine

Adenine - Cytosine and Thymine - Guanine

Guanine - Adenine and Cytosine - Adenine

Solution

Question 7

It is two-dimensional structure

It is considered as secondary structure of the t-RNA

It is mainly formed during post-translational changes

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

Guanine and guanidine

Guanidine and cytosine

Guanine and cytosine

Adenine and guanidine

Solution

Question 9

Fast dividing cells will have maximum radioactivity

Slow dividing cells will have maximum radioactivity

Both will have same amount of radioactivity

There will be no radioactivity in either types of cells

Solution

Question 10

$$5'$$-TAGTACG-$$3'$$

$$5'$$-ATCATGA-$$3'$$

$$5'$$-UTCUTGC-$$3'$$

$$3'$$-GCATGAT-$$5'$$

Solution

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