Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 95

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Question 1
1 / -0

The okazaki fragments are linked by the enzyme

A
Helicase

B
Topoisomerase

C
Ligase

D
DNA polymerase
Solution
DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.
Okazaki fragments are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication.
Enzyme ligase connects (ligates) the two Okazaki fragments into one continuous newly synthesized complementary strand.
Thus, option C is correct.
Question 2
1 / -0

In Wobble hypothesis, the pairing of the tRNA anticodon with the mRNA codon proceeds from

A
5'-3' end

B
3'-5 end

C
Bidirectional

D
None of the above

Solution

Wobble hypothesis states the degeneracy of the genetic code. The pairing of the third base varies according to the base at the third position, for example, G may pair with U. The conventional pairing (A = U, G = C) is called Watson-Crick pairing and the second abnormal pairing is called wobble pairing.
Question 3
1 / -0

DNA duplication or multiplication is known as

A
Replication

B
Transcription

C
Transduction

D
Translation
Solution
A. Correct option -A
B. Explanation for correct option -A
- DNA multiplication or duplication of DNA is also called replication.
- DNA replication is the process by which a single double-stranded DNA molecule gives rise to two identical DNA molecules.
Question 4
1 / -0

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by _________.

A
Genetic code

B
mRNA

C
tRNA

D
rRNA

Solution

The genetic code includes the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material is translated into proteins by living cells. The genetic code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis.
Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which one is correctly matched?

A
AUG, ACG - Start or methionine

B
UUA, UCA - Leucine

C
GUU - Alanine

D
UAG, UGA - Stop
Solution
AUG is the start codon that codes for methionine.
UUA codes for leucine but UCA codes for serine.
GUU codes for valine.
UAG, UAA and UGA are stop codons.
Hence, The correct option is D.
Question 6
1 / -0

Thermostable enzymes Taq and Pfu isolated from thermophilic bacteria are

A
DNA polymerases

B
DNA ligases

C
Restriction endonucleases

D
RNA polymerases

Solution

Thermophilic bacteria that live in hot springs and hydrothermal vents. Taq polymerase and Pfu polymerase are enzymes isolated from thermophilic bacteria. These enzymes are used in polymerase chain reaction as these enzymes are able to withstand the protein-denaturing conditions (high temperature) required during polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ).
So, the correct option is 'DNA polymerases'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which one represents serine?

A
CUU, CUC, CUA and CUG

B
UAU, UAC, UGU and UGC

C
UCU, UCC, UCA and UCG

D
UGU, UGC, UGA and UAG

E
GUU, GUC, GCU and GCC

Solution

Serine amino acid is coded by UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU, AGC codons in the DNA. This represents that genetic code is redundant, i.e., one amino acid is coded from more than one codon.
So the correct answer is "UCU, UCC, UCA and UCG".
Question 8
1 / -0

Production of human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because

A
Human chromosome replicate in bacterial cell

B
Mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humans and bacteria

C
Bacterial cell can undertake RNA splicing

D
Genetic code is universal
Solution
- Order of nucleotides in mRNA determines the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide chain of protein during translation. As genetic code is universal, hence same order of nucleotides will result in the incorporation of same amino acid during translation in various organisms. That is why production of human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible.
- So, the correct option is 'Genetic code is universal'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Sequence of three bases of DNA constitutes ________.

A
Genome

B
Gene pool

C
Genetic code

D
Genetic drift
Question 10
1 / -0

Which one represents the correct manner of DNA replication?

A

B

C

D