Evolution Test

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Evolution Test - 69

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The theory of spontaneous generation stated that

A
Life arose from living forms only

B
Life can arise from both living and non-living

C
Life can arise from non-living things only

D
Life arises spontaneously, neither from living nor from the non-living

Solution

The theory of spontaneous generation states that life originated from non-living things in a spontaneous manner. This concept was held by early Greek philosophers like Thales, Anaximander, Xanophanes, Empedocles, Plato, Aristotle, etc. In ancient Egypt, it was believed that the mud of the Nile could give rise to frogs, toads, snakes, mice and even crocodiles when warmed by the sun. Van Helmont $$(1577 - 1644)$$ held that human sweat and wheat grains could give rise to organisms.
So, the correct answer is 'Life can arise from non-living things only'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving from _________________.

A
Land to water

B
Dryland to we land

C
Fresh water to sea water

D
Water to land

Solution

Life emerged in oceans, hence most of the primitive organisms live in water. As the organisms evolved to adapt themselves to terrestrial or land habitat they under went complex changes like internal reproduction, respiration by lungs etc. The presence of gill slits during some stage of embryonic development in land organisms is indicative of evolution from water to land.
So, the correct answer is 'Water to land'
Question 3
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Match the scientists listed under Column 'A' with ideas listed under Column 'B'.
Column A Column B
A. Darwin (i) Abiogenesis
B. Oparin (ii) Use and disuse of organs
C. Lamarck (iii) Continental drift theory
D. Wagener (iv) Evolution by natural selection

A
$$A - (i); B - (iv); C - (ii); D - (iii)$$

B
$$A - (iv); B - (i); C - (ii); D - (iii)$$

C
$$A - (ii); B - (iv); C - (iii); D - (i)$$

D
$$A - (iv); B - (iii); C - (ii); D - (i)$$

Solution

Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Oparin proved Abiogenesis by experiment.
Lamarck proposed the theory of Use and disuse of organs.
Wegener proposed the Continental drift theory.
So, the correct answer is 'A-(iv), B-(I), C-(ii), D-(iii)'
Question 4
1 / -0

The independent evolution of geographically separate but related species in a way that produces similar forms is known as

A
Parallel evolution

B
Co-evolution

C
Convergent evolution

D
Synergistic evolution

Solution

Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.
So, the correct option is 'Convergent evolution'.
Question 5
1 / -0

The Scientist related with the theory of biogenesis and who has done experiment with the swan-necked flask is

A
Haeckel

B
Louis Pasteur

C
van Helmont

D
Milter

Solution

Louis Pasteur discovered that microbes were responsible for souring alcohol and came up with the process of pasteurization, where bacteria is destroyed by heating beverages and then allowing them to cool.
So the correct option is 'Louis Pasteur'.
Question 6
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The character that proves that frogs have evolved from fishes is:

A
their ability to swim in water

B
tadpole larva in frogs

C
similarity in the shape of the head

D
their feeding on aquatic plants.

Solution

Ontogeny replicates phylogeny was a phrase which was given by Hackel. He stated this and said that during the development an organism it will resemble with its ancestors.
The amphibians are evolved from fishes because the amphibian larvae are swimming and tadpole which breeds with the help of gills like fishes.

So, the correct option is 'tadpole larva in frogs'
Question 7
1 / -0

Life is present even below the sheet of ice in Antarctica because

A
Water possesses high latent heat.

B
Water is source of molecular oxygen to biosphere.

C
Being bad conductor of heat, ice protects the water from freezing underneath.

D
Water helps in synthesis as well as breaking up of complex molecules.

Solution

Life is present even below the sheet of ice in Antarctica because the ice bed acts as an insulator and thus, the temperature of water beneath it is not very low. So, aquatic life can sustain there as water beneath the ice does not freeze.
So, the correct answer is 'Being bad conductor of heat, ice protects the water from freezing underneath.'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Earth is a/an

A
Open system

B
Closed system

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above
Solution
- In an open system, exchange of both energy and matter with its environment occurs.
- In a closed system, only energy is exchanged with the surroundings while the matter remains constant.
Earth is an open system because both energy and matter are exchanged with the surroundings.
So, the correct answer is 'Open system'.
Question 9
1 / -0

The diversity within the wild bird species in the diagram below can best be explained by which process?

A
Natural selection

B
Ecological succession

C
Adaptive radiation

D
Both A and C

Solution

Adaptive radiation was responsible for varied beak sizes in a population of finches at Galapagos island. These finches were naturally selected and likewise formed the basis of diversity within their species.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Divergent evolution of a single group of organism in a new environment is called ............

A
Adaptive radiation

B
Catastrophism

C
Convergent evolution

D
None of the above

Solution

Due to the changes in existing environmental conditions, the individuals of a population may undergo modifications to enhance their survival. This results in the appearance of different characters (homologous organs) and different species from a common ancestor. This type of evolution is called divergent evolution.
A. Adaptive radiation is the differential development of adaptations in a group of organism, such that they evolve into different species, each capable of surviving in different environments.
B. Uniformitarianism is a theory that suggests gradual changes in earth's crust due to steady geological processes.
C. Catastrophism suggests violent processes for the changes on earth.
D. Convergent evolution results in the appearance of similar characters (analogous organs) due to the similarity in the habitats of two different species.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Adaptive Radiation'.

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Column A	Column B
A. Darwin	(i) Abiogenesis
B. Oparin	(ii) Use and disuse of organs
C. Lamarck	(iii) Continental drift theory
D. Wagener	(iv) Evolution by natural selection

Evolution Test - 69

Result

Evolution Test - 69

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Life arose from living forms only

Life can arise from both living and non-living

Life can arise from non-living things only

Life arises spontaneously, neither from living nor from the non-living

Solution

Question 2

Land to water

Dryland to we land

Fresh water to sea water

Water to land

Solution

Question 3

$$A - (i); B - (iv); C - (ii); D - (iii)$$

$$A - (iv); B - (i); C - (ii); D - (iii)$$

$$A - (ii); B - (iv); C - (iii); D - (i)$$

$$A - (iv); B - (iii); C - (ii); D - (i)$$

Solution

Question 4

Parallel evolution

Co-evolution

Convergent evolution

Synergistic evolution

Solution

Question 5

Haeckel

Louis Pasteur

van Helmont

Milter

Solution

Question 6

their ability to swim in water

tadpole larva in frogs

similarity in the shape of the head

their feeding on aquatic plants.

Solution

Question 7

Water possesses high latent heat.

Water is source of molecular oxygen to biosphere.

Being bad conductor of heat, ice protects the water from freezing underneath.

Water helps in synthesis as well as breaking up of complex molecules.

Solution

Question 8

Open system

Closed system

Both A and B

None of the above

Solution

Question 9

Natural selection

Ecological succession

Adaptive radiation

Both A and C

Solution

Question 10

Adaptive radiation

Catastrophism

Convergent evolution

None of the above

Solution

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