Human Health and Disease Test - 11

The major cause of lung cancer is tobacco smoking in form of cigarettes, biddi etc. Chemical carcinogens are present in these tobacco products that harms the alveoli of lungs.

A series of blood screenings are performed to test for HIV. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), also known as an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), is the first test that your healthcare provider will order to screen for HIV.

ELISA, like the Western blot test, detects HIV antibodies in your blood. Antibodies are proteins your immune system produces in response to the presence of foreign substances, such as viruses.

If you test positive for HIV on the ELISA test, your provider will order the Western blot test to confirm HIV infection.

An angiosarcoma (AS) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm characterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled spaces. Angiosarcomas are aggressive and tend to recur locally, spread widely, and have a high rate of lymph node and systemic metastases. The rate of tumor-related death is high.

HIV enters into T -lymphocytes replicates and produces progeny viruses. The progeny viruses released in the blood other helper T-lymphocytes.This is repeated leading to a progressive decrease in the body of the infected person. During this period, the person suffers from bouts of fever, diarrhoea and weight loss. The person starts suffering from an infection. The symptoms of HIV infection does not usually appears in AIDS patients.

Radioactive iodine (I-131), an isotope of iodine that emits radiation, is used for medical purposes. When a small dose of I-131 is swallowed, it is absorbed into the bloodstream in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and concentrated from the blood by the thyroid gland, where it begins destroying the gland's cells.Iodine is essential for production of thyroxin hormone.

Uncontrolled multiplication of cancerous cells is due to absence of surface protein essential for controlling cell division.

AID is caused due to HIV virus. Carrier of HIV virus person appears healthy. If a body ache last over 4 weeks and loss of body weight by 10% without any reason may be a symptom of AIDS.

Retrovirus is the group of virus that has RNA as genetic materials. Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) that causes Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is an example of retrovirus.

The time between infection with the virus and the onset of symptoms of AIDS (the incubation period) ranges from a few months to ten years or more. Infected persons can spread the virus during the incubation period.

A tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that has formed a lump. It’s called benign if it grows slowly and is self-limiting; that is, if it doesn’t have the capacity to invade nearby tissues and spread beyond its original site.

A malignant, or cancerous, tumor, on the other hand, is innately dangerous because its cells can divide uncontrollably and produce virtually immortal daughter cells. Malignant tumor cells can penetrate and destroy adjacent tissue, and can metastasize, or travel through the circulation to distant parts of the body and form new tumors.

The mass of proliferating cells called neoplastic or tumors cells.