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Human Health and Disease Test - 30

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Human Health and Disease Test - 30
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following makes use of RNA as a template to synthesize DNA?
    Solution
    • DNA polymerase carries out the process of copying parental DNA to form daughter DNA molecules with identical nucleotide sequences, called replication. 
    • RNA polymerase is the enzyme of transcription which is the process by which parts of the genetic information encoded in DNA are copied precisely into RNA. 
    • The RNA polymerase that synthesizes RNA using DNA strands as the template is called DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, it is the enzyme that catalyzes the transcription process. 
    • On the other hand, the enzyme which synthesizes DNA using an RNA template is called reverse transcriptase because the process goes in just the opposite direction to normal transcription. 
    • Reverse transcription is carried out by RNA viruses. 
    The correct answer is A.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    RNA retrovirus has a special enzyme that 
    Solution
    RNA retroviruses have reverse transcriptase enzyme which synthesizes DNA using RNA template, the process is called reverse transcription because the process goes in just opposite direction to normal transcription. A DNA strand is always first transcribed into RNA which is then translated into protein; DNA is never translated into protein which makes option B wrong. DNA polymerization is characteristic of DNA polymerases which are found in all organisms and are not unique to retroviruses; option C is wrong. DNA disintegration is characteristic of nucleases which can cut the DNA randomly or at specific sites. Nucleases are universal in occurrence; option D is wrong. The correct option is A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Adult Wuchereria bancrofti attacks:
    Solution
    Wuchereria bancrofti is a human parasitic roundworm that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis. It infects the lymphatic system and blocks the flow of lymph in peripheral lymphatic system that causes swelling of limbs and thus, called elephantiasis..
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Vaccination is a part of
    Solution
    • Prophylaxis is a measure taken to maintain health or to prevent the spread of disease. 
    • Vaccination is a part of prophylaxis because it is given before the infection to prevent that infection. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Eosinophilia is caused by
    Solution
    Eosinophilia is a condition in which the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood exceeds 4.5108/L (450/l). Diseases that feature eosinophilia as a sign includes Asthma, Hay fever, Hodgkin lymphoma, Teniasis, Ascariasis etc. 
    Hence, option D is correct.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus through placenta or to the infant through mother's milk is categorized as
    Solution
    • Passive immunity is the transfer of active humoral immunity in the form of ready-made antibodies from one individual to another.
    • In passive immunity, the antibodies are transferred from the mother to the foetus across the placenta or to the infant through breast milk.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    If the 30 pregnant female A.I.D.S. patient are admitted in female ward in the hospital. Find out the probable number of neonates (Children) having the H.I.V. from these pregnant females.
    Solution
    if any pregnant female has AIDS and then without treatment, 1/3rd of children has the chance of getting HIV. That means, if 30 pregnant females AIDS patients are admitted to the hospital, therefore 10 children has the probability of having AIDS. However, this risk can be reduced to about one in 20 if females take the drug called zidovudine. Hence, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    HIV has a protein coat and a genetic material as
    Solution
    The human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection or AIDS. It's genetic material consist of two copies of single-stranded RNA. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which is carcinogen and pathogen?
    Solution
    Mycobacterium is an aerobic and non-motile bacteria which are pathogens (some causing tuberculosis).
    Cancer causing bacteria (like H.pylori causing gastric cancer) or viruses are organisms known to or suspected to cause cancer and are carcinogens.
    Hepatitis A virus is responsible for causing hepatitis A infection.
    Lymphadenopathy Associated virus is a human retrovirus which is another name for HIV, human immunodeficiency virus responsible for AIDS. So, this virus causes an infection, AIDS and also causes cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Nucleic acid in HIV is a
    Solution
    • The HIV or human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus (a sub-group of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection i.e., AIDS. 
    • It is composed of two copies of positive single-stranded RNA that codes for the viral proteins.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
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