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Human Health and Disease Test - 34

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Human Health and Disease Test - 34
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Elephantiasis is transmitted by________.
    Solution
    Elephantiasis or Filariasis is transmitted through bite of female culex mosquito. Symptoms include Highly swollen legs. This disease can be prevented by using antifilarial drugs and protecting from mosquito bite.
    Thus, Option A is correct.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Kissing does not spread the disease while sexual contact transfers same
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Cyanosis refers to
    Solution
    Cyanosis is a condition in which there is bluish and purplish colouration of body due to lack of oxygen in the tissues near the skin surface. There is formation of deoxyhaemoglobin due to lack of oxygen in the blood.
    So, the correct answer is 'Bluish colouration of the body'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Filarial larva can be collected from man's
    Solution

    Wuchereria bancrofti is a human parasitic roundworm that causes filariasis. The microfilariae are found mainly in the peripheral blood and can be found at peak amounts from 10 pm to 4 am. They migrate between the deep and the peripheral circulation exhibiting unique diurnal periodicity. During the day, they are present in the deep veins, and during the night, they migrate to the peripheral circulation. So, in order to collect the filarial larvae, the peripheral blood should be collected during the night.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Who is called the father of immunology?
    Solution
    • Edward Jenner, an English physician, and scientist is called the father of immunology. 
    • Jenner was the pioneer of the smallpox vaccine, as his experiments opened the pathway of the discovery of the immune system. 
    • He observed the immune capabilities by injecting pus of an infected person to a healthy host. 
    • The healthy person has not been infected rather the antigen in the pus activated the immune response.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Leukaemia is a cancer caused due to
    Solution
    Leukaemia is cancer of blood-forming cells. Leukaemia usually causes large numbers of white blood cells to be made. These abnormal cells usually cannot carry out the normal functions of white blood cells. They crowd the bone marrow and spill into the blood and may then spread into organs such as the liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys. Sometimes, they may also spread into the fluid around the brain and spinal cord. Because there are so many abnormal white cells crowded into the bone marrow, the marrow sometimes cannot make enough normal red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In retroviruses, RNA dependent DNA polymerase synthesizes
    Solution
    RNA retroviruses have reverse transcriptase enzyme that synthesizes a DNA copy (cDNA) of viral RNA. The cDNA is enzymatically converted into a DNA-DNA double helix and is integrated into the host chromosome. After integration, cDNA is transcribed into copies of the viral RNA, which are both translated and packaged into new viral particles that are released from the cell to repeat the infection process. 
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which disease in children is caused by intensive use of nitrate fertiliser?
    Solution
    Methemoglobinemia is a disorder caused by the presence of a higher than normal level of methemoglobin (metHb, i.e., ferric [$$Fe^{3+}$$] rather than ferrous [$$Fe^{2+}$$] haemoglobin) in the blood. Methemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that contains ferric [Fe3+] iron and has a lesser affinity for oxygen. However, the ferric iron has an increased affinity for bound oxygen. The binding of oxygen to methemoglobin results in an increased affinity of oxygen to the three other heme sites (that are still ferrous) within the same tetrameric hemoglobin unit. This leads to an overall reduced ability of the red blood cell to release oxygen to tissues, with the associated oxygenhemoglobin dissociation curve, therefore, shifted to the left. When methemoglobin concentration is elevated in red blood cells, tissue hypoxia can occur.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Temin worked on which of the following virus?
    Solution
    H. Temin and D. Baltimore showed that the retroviruses namely Rous sarcoma virus and the AIDS virus can make an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase that synthesizes a DNA copy (cDNA) of viral RNA. The cDNA is made into double stranded molecule which is integrated into host genome where it is replicated and transcribed with host DNA; the topsy curvy path of flow of genetic information, i.e., RNA-DNA-RNA-protein. The enzyme was termed as reverse transcriptase. Rhinovirus, dengue virus and herpes viruses are not retroviruses and follow the linear path of flow of genetic information DNA-RNA-protein
    So, the correct answer is 'Retrovirus'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Ringworm is spread through
    Solution
    Ringworm is contagious and spreads through direct contact with an infected person or pet. People also can contract the fungus from soil or from surfaces and things that an infected person has touched, such as toys, a pillow, or the locker room floor. Ringworm is characterized by a red ring of small blisters or a red ring of scaly skin that grows outward as the infection spreads. Ringworm is caused by a fungus that grows on the skin. Once the fungus is established, it spreads out in rings. The center of the ring may clear up, while a new ring of infection develops at the edge of the old ring. The rash can appear almost anywhere on the body, with the scalp, feet and groin being common sites.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
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