Human Health and Disease Test - 43

Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses $$(\approx100 – 500u)$$. 

These interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response. 

When the biological response is therapeutic and useful, these chemicals are called medicines and are used in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases. 

If taken in doses higher than those recommended, most of the drugs used as medicines are potential poisons.

Hence the correct option is A.

Internal bleeding, muscular pain, blockage of intestinal passage and anaemia are the symptoms of ascariasis caused by the common Ascaris. It is an intestinal worm and humans are the intermediate host where they multiply. It can be transmitted by the food from contaminated soil containing egg of Ascaris. 

Adolescence is marked by accelerated physical growth, development of reproductive organs and changes in functioning of the neuroendocrine system. It is observed that during adolescence, there is generally lack of sleep due to mood swings. Lack of sleep due to mood irregulation leads to Anxiety and Depression.

Allergies are the reactions or the response given to the antigens which are in the form of particles. Allergy is also termed as hypersensitivity. The cells release IgE antibodies, histamines and other cytokines which manifest the symptoms of the reaction. When the allergen is encountered, the mast cells and basophils undergo degranulation which releases histamine. Histamine is the inflammatory agent. 

• Allergies are the reactions or the response given to the antigens which are in the form of particles. Allergy is also termed as hypersensitivity. 
• The cells release IgE antibodies, histamines, and other cytokines which manifest the symptoms of the reaction. Allergy may result in urticaria which is the development of skin rash with reddening and swelling of the regions. 
• The allergen results in stimulation of mucus secretion and sneezing which causes rhinitis. The common example of allergy is asthma which results in the constriction of the bronchi and shortness of breath due to the blocking of the airway.  

Atopy is the condition which has been developed due to exposure to allergens in which the person is susceptible to allergic reactions. This is an inherited syndrome. The person is more likely to develop the allergic reactions like rash, rhinitis, asthma, etc when encountered with the allergen. 

Stimulants are the psychoactive drug that stimulates the mental activity temporarily. It increases the blood pressure, respiration and thus increases the energy level in the body. As it induces the temporarily increased mental activity, it does not develop physiological activity.

Allergies are the reactions or the response given to the antigens which are in the form of particles. Allergy is also termed as hypersensitivity. The cells release IgE antibodies, histamines and other cytokines which manifest the symptoms of the reaction. When the histamines bind to the H$$_2$$ receptors which are present in the parietal cells in the gastric mucosa of the stomach, the acid release stops. The symptoms of the allergic reaction are also reduced.