Controlling Test - 45

The main focus of controlling in business is on the Business Environment. Controlling is an important function of management that involves monitoring and evaluating the performance of various activities within an organization to ensure that they are in line with the established goals and objectives.

A management audit is a technique to keep a check on the performance of management of the company.

Electronic data interchange (EDI) is the movement of business documents electronically between or within firms (including their agents or intermediaries) in a structured, machine-retrievable, data format that permits data to be transferred, without re-keying, from a business application in one location to a business application in another location.

Summary transaction data, high-volume data, and simple models are information inputs characteristic of Management Information System(MIS). Management Information System can be defined as an information system which is used for decision-making purpose and for maintaining coordination in the organization. It also helps to visualize the information of the organization.

Leadership is the process of influencing the behavior of individuals or groups towards the achievement of organizational goals. Leaders inspire, motivate, and guide their followers to voluntarily work towards shared objectives. They provide direction, support, and encouragement, fostering a positive work environment conducive to productivity and success.

Information system can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communications networks and data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information in an organization. Information system basically helps to deliver the information to the concerned persons to get all the activities done in an efficient manner to run the organization in a proper way.

There are many ways to measure performance of an employee. some of them are Graphic rating scale, Forced distribution method, management by objectives, 360 degree performance appraisal system, personal observation, sample checking, performance reports written by supervisors/ clients etc., 

Setting performance standards through the process of planning forms the first function of management control. Work plan or finance plan or strategic plan gives a direction for performance and audit. Thus, without laying down work plan it would be like working without a foresight of the path that has to be undertaken. 

A good control system enables management to verify whether the standards set are accurate and objective. An efficient control system keeps a careful check on the changes taking place in the organisation and in the environment and helps to review and revise the standards in light of such changes. The performance of workers are judged according to predetermined standards.

The problem of resisting to change can be solved by proper prior planning which can be implemented well. The change is more accepted when it has been introduced after the recommendations or participation of everyone in the organisation. For a change to have better effect, it should be first discussed with specialised stuff and their advice can be sought.