Principles of Management Test - 28

Time study is one of the work study techniques given by F.W. Taylor where as Espirit De Corps, Scalar chain and Unity of command are principles given by Henri Fayol.

Fredrick Winslow Taylor (March 20,1856 – March 21, 1915) was an American mechanical engineer. He died in 1915 due to pneumonia.

Discipline necessitates good supervisors, clear and fair agreements, and judicious application of penalties.

Taylor advocated separation of planning and execution functions in functional foremanship.

• Under the factory manager there was a planning incharge and a production incharge.
  
• Those with technical mastery, intelligence and grit may be given planning work.
  
• Those with energy and good health may be assigned execution work.
  
• It leads to specialisation.
  

The principles of management are formed by experience and collective wisdom of managers as well as experimentation. For example, it is a matter of common experience that discipline is indispensable for accomplishing any purpose.

Esprit de corps is a French phrase that translates into 'group spirit'. It is one of the principles of Henri Fayol. Management should promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees, according to Fayol

According to F.W. Taylor scientific method should be used to analyse methods of production prevalent under the rule of thumb.

The best practices can be kept and further refined to develop a standard which should be followed throughout the organisation.

This can be done through work-study techniques developed by taylor which include time study, motion study, fatigue study and method study.

The scalar chain formalizes lines of authority and communication between superiors and subordinates in an organization.

Initiative encourages workers to take the first step with self-motivation and develop and execute their plans for improvements.

Science, not rule of thumb, this principle was given by F.W. Taylor.

• Taylor believed that there was only one best method to maximize efficiency.
  
• This method can be developed through study and analysis.
  
• The method so developed should substitute ‘Rule of Thumb’ throughout the organisation.
  
• Scientific method involved investigation of traditional methods through work-study, unifying the best practices and developing a standard method, which would be followed throughout the organisation.