Principles of Management Test - 31

Henri Fayol propounded 14 Principles of Management.

Based largely on his own experience, he developed his concept of administration. The 14 principles of management propounded by him which are as follow:

1. Division of work
2. Authority and Responsibility
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest
7. Remuneration of Employees
8. Centralization and Decentralization
9. Scalar chain
10. Order
11. Equity
12. Stability of Personnel
13. Initiative
14. Esprit de corps

According to Fayol, chain of authority and communication should not be violated in the normal course of formal communication. A worker cannot directly contact the CEO of the company. If at all she/he has to, then all the formal levels i.e., foreman, superintendent, manager, director etc. have to know about the matter. However, in an emergency it can be possible that a worker can contact CEO directly. This is called Gang Plank.

Taylor advocated that Under the factory manager there was a planning incharge and a production incharge. Under Production incharge, personnel who would work were

1. Speed boss - Responsible for timely and accurate completion of job.
2. Gang boss - Responsible for keeping machine and tools ready for operation.
3. Repair boss - To Ensure prope working condition of machines.
4. Inspector - To Check the quality of work.

Unity of command suggests that every worker should receive orders from one superior to avoid confusion and conflict.

Centralization involves the concentration of decision-making authority with a few individuals within the organization.

Order, according to Fayol, advocates for suitable placement of people and materials at the right time for maximum efficiency.

Espirit De Corps emphasizes promoting team spirit, unity, and harmony among employees.

Division of work suggests that :

• Work should be divided into small tasks/jobs.
• A trained specialist who is competent is required to perform each job.
• Thus, division of work leads to specialisation.

The 14 principles of management propounded by Henri Fayol. Scalar Chain is one of the principle given by Henri Fayol which suggest that organisations should have a chain of authority and communication that runs from top to bottom and should be followed by managers and the subordinates.

Fatigue study, Method study and Motion study are work study techniques given by F.W. Taylor.

Fayol focused on improving the overall administration and management processes within organizations.