Chemistry in Everyday Life Test

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Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 26

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The best type of soaps are generally prepared from:

A
linseed oil

B
coconut oil

C
groundnut oil

D
mustard oil

Solution

Due to low cost, linseed oil is used to prepare soap. The other oil are also used in preparation of soaps but they are vegetable oil. The seed oil gives softer but milder soaps.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which is used in cancer chemotherapy?

A
Cis-platin

B
Zeisse's salt

C
Both (a) and (b)

D
None of these

Solution

Cis-platin is used in cancer chemotherapy.
Cis-platin is cis-diamminodichloroplatinum(II) i.e. $$[Pt(NH_3)_2Cl_2]$$
Question 3
1 / -0

Antipyretics are medicinal compounds which :

A
lowers body temperature

B
relieves pain

C
controls malaria

D
can kill other organisms

Solution

Antipyretics are used to lower body temperature. Antipyretic cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin induced increase in temperature. The body then works to lower the temperature, resulting in a reduction in fever.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is correct?

A
Some tranquilisers function by inhibiting the enzymes which catalyse the degradation of noradrenaline.

B
Tranquilisers are narcotic drugs.

C
Tranquilizers are chemical compounds, that do not affect the message transfer from nerve to receptor.

D
Tranquilisers are chemical compounds, that can relieve pain and fever.

Solution

Noradrenaline plays an important role in the mood swings. If somebody has low levels of noradrenaline, then the signal transmission will not take place leading to depression. Tranquilizers act by inhibiting the enzyme which catalyzes the degradation of noradrenaline.
Question 5
1 / -0

The compound that causes general antidepressant action on the central nervous system belongs to the class of:

A
analgesics

B
tranquilizers

C
narcotic analgesics

D
antihistamines

Solution

Analgesics provide relief from pain. Tranquilizers are the compounds that cause general antidepressant action on the central nervous system. Antihistamines are drugs, that inhibit the action of histamine in the body by blocking the receptors of histamine. Analgesics help to relieve pain.
Hence, option B is the right answer.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following enhances lathering property of soap?

A
Sodium carbonate

B
Sodium rosinate

C
Sodium stearate

D
Trisodium phosphate

Solution

Sodium rosinate is the filler, which increases the lathering property of soap.
Question 7
1 / -0

Muddy water can be purified through coagulation by using :

A
$$\text{common slat}$$

B
$$\text{alums}$$

C
$$\text{sand}$$

D
$$\text{lime}$$

Solution

Muddy water can be purified through coagulation by using alums.

It is added to the water so that the negatively charged colloidal particles clump together into Flocks which then float to the top of the liquid settle to the bottom of the liquid, or can be more easily filtered from the liquid, prior to further filtration and disinfection of the water.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following gases can be used for storage of a fresh sample of an oil for a long time?

A
Carbon dioxide or oxygen

B
Nitrogen or oxygen

C
Carbon dioxide or helium

D
Helium or nitrogen

Solution

Helium, as well as nitrogen, can be used for storage of a fresh sample of an oil for a long time because they abstain the oil from rancidity. The contact of air and oil is prevented by using nitrogen or helium as blanketing gas.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following are used as an antacid to reduce acidity in stomach?

A
Sodium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide

B
Magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide

C
Sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide

D
Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide

Solution

Acidity of stomach has to be neutralized by a base, without affecting or damaging the cells of the body.

$$Ca(OH)_2$$ is highly caustic while $$Mg(OH)_2$$ is not, because it has very low solubility in water. Similarly, $$NaHCO_3$$ is a weak base.

Thus, $$NaHCO_3$$ and $$Mg(OH)_2$$ are used as an antacid (against gastric acids like HCl).

$$NaHCO_3\, +\, HCl\, \rightarrow\, NaCl\, +\, H_2O\, +\, CO_2\, \uparrow$$

$$Mg(OH)_2\, +\, 2HCl\, \rightarrow\, MgCl_2\, +\, 2H_2O$$
Question 10
1 / -0

The most useful classification of drugs for medicinal chemists is :

A
on the basis of chemical structure

B
on the basis of drug action

C
on the basis of molecular targets

D
on the basis of pharmacological effect

Solution

Explanation

· Drug Classification on the basis of chemical nature: It is based on the chemical structure of a drug. Usually, drugs classified in this manner share similar pharmacological activity.

· Drug Classification on basis of drug action: Based on the action of the drug on a certain physiological process. For example, antihistamines block the action of histamine (which causes inflammation).

· Drug Classification on basis of molecular targets: Biomolecules on which drugs act are called molecular targets. The classification based on molecular targets is the most useful classification for medicinal chemists.
Because if the drug is target-specific then there will be better results. Some drugs target carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

· Drug Classification on basis of pharmacological effect: It is based on the pharmacological effect of the drug. It provides the whole range of drugs available for the treatment of a particular type of problem. For example, analgesics have a painkilling effect.

Correct Option: $$C$$.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 26

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Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 26

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

linseed oil

coconut oil

groundnut oil

mustard oil

Solution

Question 2

Cis-platin

Zeisse's salt

Both (a) and (b)

None of these

Solution

Question 3

lowers body temperature

relieves pain

controls malaria

can kill other organisms

Solution

Question 4

Some tranquilisers function by inhibiting the enzymes which catalyse the degradation of noradrenaline.

Tranquilisers are narcotic drugs.

Tranquilizers are chemical compounds, that do not affect the message transfer from nerve to receptor.

Tranquilisers are chemical compounds, that can relieve pain and fever.

Solution

Question 5

analgesics

tranquilizers

narcotic analgesics

antihistamines

Solution

Question 6

Sodium carbonate

Sodium rosinate

Sodium stearate

Trisodium phosphate

Solution

Question 7

$$\text{common slat}$$

$$\text{alums}$$

$$\text{sand}$$

$$\text{lime}$$

Solution

Question 8

Carbon dioxide or oxygen

Nitrogen or oxygen

Carbon dioxide or helium

Helium or nitrogen

Solution

Question 9

Sodium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide

Sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide

Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide

Solution

Question 10

on the basis of chemical structure

on the basis of drug action

on the basis of molecular targets

on the basis of pharmacological effect

Solution

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